3.1 exchange Flashcards
Inspiration
The external intercostal and diaphragm muscles contract
this causes the rib cage to move up and out
the diaphragm flattens
decreases the volume of the lungs
decreasing lung pressure causing air to move inwards
Expiration
The external intercostal muscles and diaphragm relaxes
Causes the rib cage to move downwards and inwards and the diaphragm becomes cut
The thorax volume decreases causing the air pressure to increase
air Is move out of the lungs
Tidal volume
The volume of air in each breath
Vital capacity
The maximum volume of air that can be breathed in or out
Breathing rate
How many breaths are taking per minute
Oxygen consumption or oxygen uptake
The rate at which an organism uses up oxygen
Spirometer
as a person breathe in and out the lid of the chamber in the spirometer moves up and down
The soda lime in the tube the subject breathe into absorbs the carbon dioxide
The total volume of gas in the chamber decreases over time as the carbon dioxide is absorbed by the soda lime
as the oxygen gets used up by respiration with total volume decreases
Ventilation in fish
The fish opens its mouth and lowers the floor of The buccal cavity
The volume of The buccal cavity increases
Decreasing the pressure inside the cavity
Water is then sucked into the cavity
When the fish closes its mouth the floor of the buccal cavity is raised again
and the volume inside the cavity decreases
pressure increases
water is forced out the cavity across the girl filaments
The increase in pressure force is it operculum on each side of the head to open allowing water to leave the gills
How do you insects exchange gas
Air moves into the trachea from the spiracles which are spores
Oxygen travels down the conc gradient towards the cells
The trachea branches off into smaller tracheoles which have thin permeable walls. and fluid which o2 dissolves jnto
they go to the individual cells
efficient gas exchange
short diffusion dist
surface area
blood supply
