2.6 cell divisison Flashcards
Order of the cell cycle
Group one
S-phase
G2 things
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
G1 phase
Growth and duplication organelles
Protein synthesis
S-phase
DNA replication
G2 phase
Growth of cells
G0 phase
Specialisation
Senescence
Apoptosis
Chromosome
Pair of sister chromatids
erythrocytes
By concave shape - sa:v inc
Well-developed cytoskeleton - inc flexibility - allows to fit through capillaries
Contains haemoglobin
Lost all organelles
Neutrophil
Multilobed nucleus - more space
Detect chemicals
Well developed cytoskeleton
Spermatozoal
undelopodia -allows to swim
Streamline shape - reduce drag
Lots of mitochondria - inc aerobic respiration
Enzymes in acrosome - breaks down egg
squamous epithelial
Flattened - red diffusion pathway
In the alveoli
Ciliated epithelial
cilia can move things out side the cells
Palisade cells
Long and cylindrical – so they can pack together with no spaces between them
Large vacuole
Contains chloroplast

guard cells
thickened inner wall– makes it more rigid
Epithelial tissue
Covers and lines surfaces in the body
no Blood vessels - diffusion used for nutrients
Smooth surfaces
Short cell cycles
Function equals protection
Connective tissue
hold structures together and provide support
Three types of cartilage
Hyacine
Fibrous
Elastic
Muscle tissue
Made up a specialise cells that contract and cause movement
Contain myofilaments
Three types of muscle tissue
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Nervous tissue
Made of cells specialised to conduct electrical impulses
Epidermal
Flattened cells that lack chloroplasts
Forms protective covering over leaves stems roots
Xylem
Carry water and minerals from roots to all parts of the plant
phloem
Sieve tubes transfer products of photosynthesis from leaves to parts of the plant that do not photosynthesise
Meristematic tissue
Contain stem cells
Have been cell walls – little Celulose
No chloroplast
Don’t have a large vacuole
Tissue
A group of cells that have a similar structure and what together to perform a specific function
organ
A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function
Organ system
A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
What’s a stem cell
An undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into specialised cells divide by mitosis they can express all their genes
Uses of stem cells in biological research
Test for efficacy of new medicines
Test for toxic toxicity of new medicine
Study cell development/differentiation
Sorry what goes wrong in diseases
Uses of stem cells in medicine
Repair/replacement of damaged tissues
