3.1 Exam Q

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

3-chloro-2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid

Question 3

Answer 3

2,2,4-trimethylpentane

Question 4

Answer 4

4-methylpent-3-en-2-ol

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

. Draw the structure of a secondary alcohol that contains 6 carbon atoms.

Answer 7

Question 8

name

Answer 8

2,2-dimethylpropane

Question 9

Answer 9

ethanoic acid

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

5

Question 12

Draw the straight chain isomer

Answer 12

Question 13

Draw and name the structural isomers of C4H10O that are alcohols.

Answer 13

Question 14

Answer 14

10

Question 15

Explain why ethanoic acid is soluble in water but hexanoic acid is not.

Answer 15

Ethanoic acid is soluble because it can form hydrogen bonds with the water.

In hexanoic acid, although the -COOH group forms hydrogen bonds with water, the longer carbon chain cannot form hydrogen bonds. This exerts such a large hydrophobic effect that the compound is insoluble.

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Explain why 1-chlorobutane has a higher boiling temperature than chloroethane. [2]

Answer 17

It has stronger/more Van der Waals forces (1)
Because it has a larger surface area / hydrocarbon chain (1)

longer chain
increase surface contact
more Van der Waals forces

Question 18

Explain why ethanol is soluble in water but ethane is not. [2]

Answer 18

only ethanol forms hydrogen bonds / ethane does not form hydrogen
bonds but ethanol does (1)
with water (1)

ethane - only forms induced diapole bonds
ethanol - hydroxide group can form hydrogen bonds with water

Question 19

(d) Butane is another common alkane. Two other compounds with a similar molecular mass
to butane are ethanoic acid and propan-1-ol.
The boiling temperatures in °C for butane, ethanoic acid and propan-1-ol are
–1, 97 and 118, but not necessarily in that order.
Deduce the boiling temperature of each compound, giving reasons in support of your
conclusions.

Answer 19

1)-1 2)118 3)97

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

Answer 22