1.4 Exam Q Flashcards
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8
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Explain why chlorine, Cl2, is a gas but iodine, I2, is a solid at room temperature and pressure.
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Chlorine, Cl2, has weak induced dipole-induced dipole forces between molecules and therefore it has a low boiling temperature. Although iodine, I2, also has induced dipole-induced dipole forces between molecules, it has more electrons (than chlorine). Therefore, the induced dipole-induced dipole forces are stronger and require more energy to break. This is why iodine, I2, has a higher melting temperature. (Accept van der Waals forces instead of induced dipole-induced dipole forces.)
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