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Pharmacology > 3.1 - Anatomy and physiology Of The ANS > Flashcards

3.1 - Anatomy and physiology Of The ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Nervous System

A
  • CNS — Brain & Spinal Cord

* PNS — Nerves

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2
Q

PNS

A

• Sensory/ Afferent Neurons
– GOING to the brain
• Motor/ Efferent Neurons
– AWAY from the brain

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3
Q

Motor/ Efferent Neurons

A
  • Somatic NS

* ANS

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4
Q

ANS

A
  • Enteric NS
  • Sympathetic NS
  • Parasympathetic
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5
Q

– 1 neuron set-up
– Voluntary
(Skeletal muscle contraction)

A

Somatic

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6
Q

– 2 neuron set-up
– Involuntary; autonomic
(❤️ beat, excretion of the fluids)

A

ANS

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7
Q

Mechanism of Impulse transport across the synapse/ interface

A

Synaptic Neurotransmission

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8
Q

Parts of Synapse

A
  • Pre-synapse
  • Synaptic Cleft
  • Post-synapse
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9
Q

– Synthesis, storage, release of NT
– Metabolizing enzymes
– Autoreceptors — Autoregulation

A

Pre-synapse

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10
Q

– Metabolizing enzymes

A

Synaptic Cleft

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11
Q

– Majority of receptors

– Metabolizing enzymes

A

Post-synapse

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12
Q

Steps (1/2)

A
  • Impulse reaching the pre-synapse
  • Depolarization if the pre-eynaptic cell membrane
  • ⬆️Permeability of Ca
  • Release of the NT from the vesicles (Exocytosis)
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13
Q

Steps (2/2)

A
  • Binding to post-synaptic receptors
  • Depolarization of the Post-synaptic cell membrane
  • Impulse generation of the post-synapse
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14
Q

Nomenclature

A
  • Somatic

* ANS

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15
Q

Somatic

A

• Pre-synapse
- Somatic Nerve
• Post-synapse
- Effector

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16
Q

ANS

A
  • Synapse # 1

* Synapse # 2

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17
Q

Synapse # 1

A

• Pre-synapse
- Pre-ganglion
• Post-synapse
- Ganglion

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18
Q

Synapse # 2

A

• Pre-synapse
- Post-ganglion
• Post-synapse
- Effector

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19
Q

Subdivisions of ANS

A
  • Enteric NS

* Synpathetic & Parasympathetic

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20
Q

– For INTRINSIC autonomic innervation of the GIT (motility, secretion)
– 2 Plexuses
– Neurotransmitters

A

Enteric NS

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21
Q

2 Plexuses

A
  • Auerbach Plexus — Motility

* Meisner Plexus — Secretion

22
Q

Neurotransmitters

A
  • Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
  • ATP
  • Neuropeptide Y
  • Substance P
23
Q

Sympathetic/ Adrenergic

A

Anatomical Differences

24
Q

Origin/ Roots

A

Thoracolumbar NS

T1 - T12; L1 - L5

25
Q

Length of Neurons

A

• Pre-ganglion
- Short
• Post-Ganglion
- Long

26
Q

Location of Ganglion

A

Near the SPINAL CORD

27
Q

Neurotransmitters

A 
• Pre-ganglion
 - ACh
• Post-ganglion
 -NE, EPI, Dopamine
** NE - Major
28
Q

Receptors

A

• Ganglion
- NN
• Effector
- Adrenergic Receptors (a, b, Dopamine)

29
Q

Parasympathetic/ Cholinergic

A

Anatomical Differences

30
Q

Origin/ Roots

A

Craniosacral NS

CN 3, 7, 9, 10; S1 - S4

31
Q

Length of Neurons

A

• Pre-ganglion
- Long
• Post-ganglion
- Short

32
Q

Location of Ganglion

A

Near the EFFECTOR Organ

33
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

• Pre-ganglion
- ACh
• Post-ganglion
- ACh

34
Q

Receptors

A

• Ganglion
- NN
• Effector
- Cholinergic Receptors (Muscatinic, Nicotinic)

35
Q

Sympathetic/ Adrenergic

A

Functional Differences

36
Q

General

A

Fight/ Flight

37
Q

Specific

A
  • Heart
  • Eyes (Pupils)
  • Bronchi
  • GIT
  • Urinary Bladder
  • Sweat Glands
38
Q

Heart

A

Tachycardia

39
Q

Eyes (Pupils)

A

Mydriasis

40
Q

Bronchi

A

Bronchodilation

41
Q

GIT

— Ileus: Loss of Peristalsis

A

• Wall
- Relaxation
• Sphincter
- Constriction

42
Q

Urinary Bladder

— Urinary Retention

A

• Wall/ Detrusor
- Relaxation
• Trigone & Sphincter
- Constriction

43
Q

Sweat Glands

— Apocrine: Palms & Soles

A

Sweating

44
Q

Paradympathetic/ Cholinergic

A

Functional Differences

45
Q

General

A

Rest/ Digest

46
Q

Specific

A
  • Heart
  • Eyes (Pupils)
  • Bronchi
  • GIT
  • Urinary Bladder
  • Sweat Glands
47
Q

Heart

A

Bradycardia

48
Q

Eyes (Pupils)

A

Miosis

49
Q

Bronchi

A

Bronchoconstriction

50
Q

GIT

— Diarrhea

A

• Wall
- Contraction
• Sphincter
- Relaxation

51
Q

Urinary Bladder

— Urination/ Micturition/ Enuresis

A

• Wall/ Detrusor
- Contraction
• Trigone & Sphincter
- Relaxation

52
Q

Sweat Glands

— Eccrine: Generalized; thermoregulation

A

Sweating

Pharmacology (21 decks)

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