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Pharmacology > 1.1 - Mechanisms of Action of Drugs > Flashcards

1.1 - Mechanisms of Action of Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

Study of drugs

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2
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Drug does to body

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3
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

Body to drug

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4
Q

Pharmacotherapeutics

A

Rational use of drugs

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5
Q

Pharmacogenomics

A

Integrates differences in genetic of individuals

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6
Q

Classificattion based on General Use:

A
  • Functional Modifier
  • Replenishers
  • Diagnostic Agents
  • Chemotherapeutic Agents
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7
Q

Alters the physiologic and biochemical activity

A

Functional Modifier
– Beta blockers
– Antipyretics

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8
Q

Supplement endogenous substances that are insufficient

A

Replenishers
– Diabetes mellitus
– Peenicious anemia

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9
Q

Confirm/ Establish diagnosis of disease

A

Diagnostic Agents
– Tensilon Test
– Stress Testing
– Tc 99m Sestamibi and Thallium 20

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10
Q

Kill and inhibit growth of cells or multiplication of nucleic acids that are foreign to body

A

Chemotherapeutic Agents
– Anti infectives
– Antineoplastic

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11
Q

Target Protein Mediated Mechanism

A
  • Structural Proteins

* Regulatory Proteins

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12
Q

Drugs that interfere with microtubules

A
  • Colchicines
  • Vinca
  • Taxanes
  • Estramustine
  • Griseofulvin
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13
Q

Regulatory Proteins

A
  • Voltage-gated ions — changes in membrane potential
  • Carrier molecules — transport proteins; conformational changes
  • Enzymes -
  • Receptors
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14
Q

Carrier molecules

A
  • Na-K ATPase Pump — (against concentration gradient) Digoxin
  • K-H Pump/ PPI — PPI
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15
Q

Enzymes

A
  • Phospholipase
  • Cyclooxygenase
  • 5-lipoxygenase
  • MAO
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16
Q

Monoamine oxidase

A
  • MAO-A — NE, EPI, 5-HT

* MAO-B — Dopamine

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17
Q

MAO Drugs (MPITS)

A
  • Moclobemide
  • Phenelzine
  • Isocarboxazid
  • Tranylcypromine
  • Selegeline
18
Q

Receptors

A
  • Type I
  • Type II
  • Type III
  • Type IV
19
Q

Type I: Ionotropic/ Ligand -gated channel

A
  • Nicotinic Receptor
  • GABA-A Associated Ligand-gated
  • Glycine Receptor
  • 5-HT3 Receptor
20
Q

Nicotinic Receptors – ACTIVATORS

A
  • Nicotine

* Lobeline

21
Q

Nicotinic Receptors – BLOCKERS

A

NMBs — Tubicurarine

22
Q

GABAA Receptors – ACTIVATORS

A
  • BZDs
  • Barbiturates
  • GABA
23
Q

GABA A Recpetors – BLOCKERS

A

Flumazenil (BZD Binding Site)

24
Q

Glycine Receptors – BLOCKERS

A

Strychnine

25
Q

5-HT3 RECEPTORS – BLOCKERS

A

“-setron”
• Ondansetron
• Granisetron
• Palonosetron

26
Q

Type II: Metabotropic/ 7-transmembrane Spanning/ G-protein coupled

A
  • Gs
  • Gi
  • Gq
27
Q

Gs — stimulates (⬆️ CAMP)

A
  • Beta receptors
  • 5-HT
  • Histamine receptors
28
Q

Gs ACTIVATORS

A

Catecholamine

29
Q

Gs BLOCKER

A

Beta blockers (-“olol”)

30
Q

Gi — inhibits (⬇️ CAMP)

A
  • Presynaptic receptor a2

* PHT 1A receptor

31
Q

Gi ACTIVATORS

A 
Anti-HTNsives
• Clonidine
• Methyldopa
• Guanfacine
• Guanabenz
32
Q

Gq — Contraction (stinulates PLC)

A
  • a1 receptors
  • Post synaptic a2 receptors
  • M1 and M3 receptors
33
Q

Gq ACTIVATORS

A
  • EPI
  • NE
  • Dopamine
34
Q

Gq BLOCKERS

A
  • Prazosin

* Phenoxybenzamine

35
Q

Type III: Tyrosine-Kinase Linked Receptor

A
  • Insulin
  • Gucokinase
  • Glut II and Glut IV
  • VEGFR
  • TK Inhibitors
36
Q

Type IV: Gene Transcription Link/ Nuclear Receptors

A
  • Thyroid hormone
  • Steroid hormone receptors
  • Vitamin D and Vitamin D derivatives
37
Q

Non Target Protein Mediated

– ✖️binding site

A
  • Colligative/ Mass Effect
  • Direct Chemical Interaction
  • Counterfeit Mechanism aka Incorporation
38
Q

Dependent on the # of solute particles in the soluton

— ⬇️ FP, ⬇️ VP, ⬆️ BP, OP

A

Colligative Mechanism

— Mannitol

39
Q

Direct Chemical Interaction

A
  • Neutralization

* Chelation

40
Q

Neutralization

— Acid-base reaction

A
  • Antacid for hyperacidity
  • NAHCO3 for metabolic acidosis
  • Protamine for Heparin Toxicity
41
Q

Chelation

A

Deferoxamine for Iron (Fe) Poisoning

42
Q

Counterfeit Mechanism aka Incorporation

A

Antimetabolites (Purine and Pyrimidine Analogs)

Pharmacology (21 decks)

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