3.1

Question 1

Which place did Canada still have strong ties with after confederation in 1867?

Answer 1

Britain

Question 2

Which voices were heard in the creation of Canada? Whose voices weren’t heard?

Answer 2

Heard: French and English Canadians

No Heard: First Nations of Canada

Question 3

Which kind of system of government did Canada choose? What did this mean in terms of structure?

Answer 3

A federal government meaning there would be both a federal government in Ottawa and an individual provincial government in every province to join Confederation.

Question 4

Who was Canada led by?

Answer 4

John A. Macdonald

Question 5

What suprred Canadian expansion?

Answer 5

American westward expansion to the south

Question 6

What was Macdonald’s vision for Canada?

Answer 6

To make it a strong economic nation

Question 7

What did Macdonald develope to spur growth in Canada?

Answer 7

The National Policy

Question 8

What did the National Policy set out?

Answer 8

different economic roles for the different regions

Question 9

What did the National Policy depend on?

Answer 9

the development of the west as a market for manufactured foods made in Ontario and Quebec as it aimed to make the west as supplier of resources for Central Canada

Question 10

How many years did the National Policy dominate Canadian politics?

Answer 10

30

Question 11

What were the four points of the National Policy?

Answer 11

1) Development of the west: “sea-to-sea”, law and order in the West
2) Building of a transcontinental railway
3) Building of a national economy: done through protective tariffs
4) Dealing ith the First Nations: as well as uniting the French and English

Question 12

How did Canada’s view of Aboriginals shift from the time of contact?

Answer 12

No longer wer Aboriginals looked at as trading partners or military alliances, they were looked upon as more of a barrier in the way of Canadian progress

Question 13

What two things did Canada look to the west for in 1869?

Answer 13

1) resources

2) immigrant settlement (farmland)

Question 14

Why did John A want to develope the West?

Answer 14

Populated prairies would create a guaranteed market for goods from Cental Canada. Provide resources for exporting or manufacturing in Central Canada.

Question 15

When did John A have Rupert’s Land transferred to Canada?

Answer 15

1869

Question 16

In 1869, what were the two largest populations in the West?

Answer 16

The First Nations and Metis. Neither group was consulted about the transnfer of ownership of Rupert’s Land.

Question 17

What did the territory of Rupert’s Land all include?

Answer 17

All the land that drained into the Hundons Bay

Question 18

What was the largest real estate deal in history?

Answer 18

The Rupert’s Land Act

Question 19

When did Canada purchase Rupert’s Land?

Answer 19

December 1, 1969

Question 20

How much did Canada purchase Rupert’s Land for?

Answer 20

1.5 million dollars

Question 21

Where was the first place the land surveyors were sent?

Answer 21

Red River Colony

Question 22

What did the Metis set up at the time of expansion?

Answer 22

the Metis National Committee which was set up by Louis Riel

Question 23

What successful buisnesses had already been established at Fort GArry/Red River (present day Winnipeg)?

Answer 23

Successsful trading and farming

Question 24

The Metis outnumbered English traders__:__

Answer 24

13:1

Question 25

What did Louis Riel want to meet with Macdonald about?

Answer 25

Creating a province

Question 26

Did Macdonald negotiate with Riel?

Answer 26

No

Question 27

Who did the Canadian government send to monitor the surveying?

Answer 27

Lt. Governor William McDougall

Question 28

What kind of government did Louis Riel form?

Answer 28

A provisional government

Question 29

Did Macdonald recognize Riel’s government?

Answer 29

No. He didn’t see it as being real.

Question 30

What is a provisional government?

Answer 30

Does not take orders from Canada and is independent of Canadian rule.

Question 31

What was Thomas Scott a part of?

Answer 31

He was a part of a small violent group of Ontarians who moved to the Winnipeg area with the goal of ousting the Catholic Metis and settling the area for Canada.

Question 32

What did Thomas Scott openly talk about?

Answer 32

Overthrowing the MEtis government.

Question 33

What did the Metis government arrest Scott on the charge of? What did they do to him?

Answer 33

The arrested him on the charge of treason, tried him, and sentenced him to death. Riel order his execution and he was shot by firing squad.

Question 34

What difference in opinion did the execution of Thomas Scott cause in regards to Riel?

Answer 34

He as a hero amongst the Metis and in Quevec where he was viewed as adefender of French-Catholic rights. He became the most wnted man in Canada and a murderer in the eyes of Macdonald and English Canada.

Question 35

Why was Riel forced to flee and where did he flee to?

Answer 35

Montano because he was wanted for murder.

Question 36

What was the Manitoba Act of___?

Answer 36

The Manitoba Act of 1870 created Manitoba, the 5th province of Canada.

Question 37

What were the official languages of Manitoba, what two school systems were allowed? What did the Metis receive? Manitoba Act?

Answer 37

French and English
Catholic and Protestant
The Metis received ownership of their land and 1.4 million acres for their children to use.

They never received the land which is why they sued the Canadian government.

Question 38

Why did the Manitoba push many Metis further west?

Answer 38

The surveyors hadn’t gone there yet and there were still buffalo.

Question 39

Who do you think had the strongest claim in the west?

Answer 39

I think that the Metis had the strongest claim in the west. Even though they had no legal title to the land, their people had been living off of it for many generations. They had established a unique culture in the area, one that combined elements of both traditional First Nations and European practises. The Metis were a peaceul groupf oa people who didn’t fight or cause harm to anyone around them. Considering the fact that when the British government granted land to the HBC, the didn’t consult the First Nations, they pretty have as much say to the land as the Metis do.

Question 40

Why do you think that the death of Norbert Parisien didn’t get as much coverage as the death of Thomas Scott.

Answer 40

Norbert was a Metis person and Thomas Scott was an orangeman. They wanted to mke an example of Thomas Scott. The provisional government wanted to show their power, to make people understand that they could perform such acts.

Question 41

Why was the execution of Thomas Scott hisotrically significant?

Answer 41

It was historically significant because it really emphasizedd the hartred taht people had for Louis Riel. It was probaly one of the acts that led to his eventual execution. It also brought back the dislike between the French and English of Canada. Even though the aim of Confederation was mean to dissolve any discontents between the two groups of people, situations like this only brought them back. The execution also showed how the Metis can be trated unfairly when placed against the English.

Question 42

What justice done in the implementation of the Manitoba Act?

Answer 42

No, justice was not done in the implementation of the Manitoba Act. The act was confusing and did not fully compensate them because lands were also given to non-Aboriginal settlers. The goal was to strip them of their First Nations title. They were given the worst lands–lands that would not help them continue their way of life as they were not by the river. Many promises that were made in the act were not given until years later, if at all. They were no longer valuable to the people anymore and would be of no help in protecting their culture and traditions. I do think that justice could be brought ot the Metis people now in some form. Maybe not all promises will be made as they were written but an equal amount of compensation, compensation that would be useful to the Metis today, would be fully possible.