3. Prokaryotes (Domain Bacteria) Flashcards
What are the three tenets of Cell Theory?
- all living organisms are composed of one or more cells and their products
- cells are the monomer for any organism
- new cells arise from pre-existing, living cells
What are the two classifications for all living organisms?
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
What is the classification of organisms into prokaryotes and eukaryotes based on?
examination of their internal cellular structure
What is the primary feature of prokaryotes that distinguishes them from eukaryotes?
do not contain membrane bound organelles, including nucleus
What domains make up prokaryotes?
bacteria
archaea
blue-green algae
What is taxonomy?
the classification of living organisms that is used to determine the evolutionary relationship of organisms to one another
What is the largest taxonomic division?
domain
What are the three recognized domains?
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
What is the further subdivision of domains?
kingdoms
What is the prokaryotic genome?
single, double stranded, circular DNA chromosome
What is a polyribosome?
structure that is formed from many ribosomes translating a single piece of mRNA
What is a plasmid and where is it found?
circular piece of double-stranded DNA which is found in prokaryotic cells
What are plasmids also referred to as?
extrachromosomal genetic elements
Why are plasmids considered important?
can encode for advantageous gene products and because they play a role in conjugation
How are bacteria generally classified?
by their shape
