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Biology > 3 pp22 2021 > Flashcards

3 pp22 2021 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What can an organism breed with?

A

Other organisms within the same species and genus

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2
Q

What is the correct order of arthropod groups, from those with the most legs to those with the
fewest legs?

A

myriapods, crustaceans, arachnids, insects

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3
Q

How many legs do myriapods have?

A

36-400

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4
Q

How many legs do crustaceans have?

A

10

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5
Q

How many legs do arachnids have?

A

8

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6
Q

How many legs do insects have?

A

6

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7
Q

How is the root hair cell modified for the absorption of water?

A

It has a large surface area.

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8
Q

Define active transport 2

A

particles move through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration

using energy from respiration

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9
Q

The bases on one strand of a DNA molecule have the sequence CAGCT. What is the sequence of bases on the other strand?

A

GTCGA

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10
Q

10 pg5 The graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction. Which statements are correct?
1 The collision frequency between substrate and enzyme increases between X and Y.
2 The shape of the active site is altered between Y and Z.
3 The enzyme is denatured irreversibly at X and Z.

A

1 and 2

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11
Q

What is the optimum pH fora digestive enzyme?

A

7

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12
Q

In which process is oxygen a waste product?
A active transport
B aerobic respiration
C anaerobic respiration
D photosynthesis

A

photosynthesis

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13
Q

13 pg 6 Which layer in the leaf contains interconnecting air spaces?

A

C

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14
Q

14 pg 6 Where does egestion take place?

A

D

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15
Q

15 pg 7 The diagram shows a fat globule (P) in one part of the alimentary canal and the same fat globule (Q) as it appears in another part of the alimentary canal. In which part of the alimentary canal is P found?

A

oesophagus

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16
Q

15 pg 7 The diagram shows a fat globule (P) in one part of the alimentary canal and the same fat
globule (Q) as it appears in another part of the alimentary canal. In which part of the alimentary canal is Q found?

A

ileum

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17
Q

What is the product of the reaction amylase catalyses?

A

simple sugars

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18
Q

What is the product of the reaction lipase catalyses? 2

A

fatty acids and glycerol

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19
Q

What is the product of the reaction protease catalyses?

A

amino acids

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20
Q

What is the definition of transpiration?

A

the loss of water vapour from plant leaves by evaporation of water at the surfaces of the mesophyll cells

21
Q

19 pg 8 The diagram shows the circulation of blood in an organism. In which part of the organism is the location of the capillaries in the box?

A

mammalian lungs

22
Q

20 pg 9 The photomicrograph shows human blood. Which blood component is a phagocyte?

A

A

23
Q

How can a vaccination lead to long-term immunity? 4

A

antigen injected-> lymphocytes
multiply-> antibodies and memory cells produced

24
Q

How much CO2 and Oxygen is in air entering the human lungs?

A

21% oxygen and 0.04% carbon dioxide

25
Q

How much CO2 and Oxygen is in air exiting the human lungs?

A

16% oxygen and 4% CO2

26
Q

24 pg 11 The diagram shows the production and excretion of materials from the human body. What is V?

A

aerobic respiration

27
Q

The diagram shows the production and excretion of materials from the human body. What is W?

A

deamination

28
Q

The diagram shows the production and excretion of materials from the human body. What is X?

A

lungs

29
Q

The diagram shows the production and excretion of materials from the human body. What is Y?

A

urea

30
Q

The diagram shows the production and excretion of materials from the human body. What is Z?

A

kidneys

31
Q

What is a function of a synapse?

A

to ensure impulses travel in one direction

32
Q

Hormones and the nervous system both control our bodies.
Which statement about the control provided by our hormones is correct?
A fast response and long lasting
B fast response and short lived
C slow response and long lasting
D slow response and short lived

A

C

33
Q

Auxin is a chemical produced by plants. It controls plant growth.
Which statement about auxin is correct?
A Auxin affects the cells only where it is made.
B Auxin is equally distributed in response to light from one direction.
C Auxin elongates the cells in the shoot tip.
D Auxin is made in the shoot tip.

A

D

34
Q

How do some antibiotics kill bacteria?
A They damage the cell wall.
B They damage the endoplasmic reticulum.
C They damage the nucleus.
D They damage the protein coat

A

A They damage the cell wall.

35
Q

Which types of contact between humans can spread HIV? 2

A

blood transfusions and sexual intercourse

36
Q

Which method of birth control works by preventing an egg from being released?

A

contraceptive pill

37
Q

Defined a chromosome

A

A thread-like structure of DNA, carrying genetic information in the form of genes

38
Q

The statements describe steps in protein synthesis.
1 Copies of the gene are carried to the cytoplasm as mRNA molecules.
2 Each ribosome assembles amino acids into a protein molecule.
3 The gene coding for a protein is copied in the nucleus.
4 The mRNA molecules pass through ribosomes.
Which sequence of steps is correct?

A

3 -> 1 -> 4 -> 2

39
Q

A sunflower has 17 chromosomes in each pollen nucleus. what process are nuclei produced by in the anthers?

A

meiosis

40
Q

A sunflower has 17 chromosomes in each pollen nucleus. These nuclei are produced in the anthers. Are they genetically different or identical to all the pollen nuclei produced by those anthers?

A

different

41
Q

A sunflower has 17 chromosomes in each pollen nucleus.A fter fertilisation the resulting zygote will have how many chromosomes?

A

34

42
Q

What are people with sickle cell anaemia more susceptible to dying from?

A

malaria

43
Q

36 Which leaf feature is an adaptation of xerophytes to their environment?
A hairs surrounding stomata
B large internal hollow spaces
C large numbers of stomata
D thin cuticle on both surfaces

A

A hairs surrounding stomata

44
Q

37 pg 14 The graph shows the change in population of an organism over time in an ecosystem. which phase of the population graph is x?

A

exponential (log)

45
Q

37 pg 14 The graph shows the change in population of an organism over time in an ecosystem. which phase of the population graph is Y?

A

stationary

46
Q

37 pg 14 The graph shows the change in population of an organism over time in an ecosystem. which phase of the population graph is Z?

A

death

47
Q

38 pg 15 The diagram shows the structure of a bacterium. The presence of structure X is one reason why bacteria are used in genetic engineering. What is structure X?

A

plasmid

48
Q

When nitrates enter a lake they cause rapid growth of algae on the surface of the water. This
causes the following changes in the lake:
1 The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water decreases.
2 Fish and other aquatic animals die.
3 Aerobic respiration in decomposers increases.
4 Producers die and decomposition increases.
In which order do these changes occur?

A

4 -> 3 -> 1 -> 2

49
Q

The action of which type of bacteria would cause soil to be lacking in nitrates?

A

denitrifying

Biology (10 decks)

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