2 Also PP 22 2022 Flashcards
- pg 2 The diagrams show a test-tube containing pond water. The green colour is caused by
microorganisms that have chloroplasts. Which characteristics of living organisms are shown?
movement, nutrition and sensitivity
What kingom of living organisms has no nucleus?
protoctist
What kingom of living organisms has cell wall made of cellulose
plant
What kingom of living organisms has cell wall NOT made of cellulose
fungi
What is the units of measurement in order
Pm
nm
um
mm
m
km
Mm
The diagram shows a mitochondrion. The actual size of the mitochondrion is 1um. The diagram is 70 mm long. What is the magnification of the diagram?
x70 000
What is the formula for magnification?
M=I/A
Magnification= Image size/Actual size
4 Two types of cell, one animal and one plant, were examined using a light microscope.
Which row shows the correct combination of structures that would be observed in the cells?
B
5 The diagram shows a cross-section through a leaf.
Which arrow shows the direction of diffusion of carbon dioxide on a sunny day?
D
- the diagram shows a plant cell after it has been submerged in a solution, P, for 20 minutes. Describe the water potential of solution P at the start of the experiment
water potential of solution P
at the start of the experiment is lower than the inside of the cell
the diagram shows a plant cell after it has been submerged in a solution, P, for 20 minutes. Describe the
condition of the cell after 20 minutes?
plasmolysed and flaccid
describe a positive food test for vitamin C
colour of the food test reagent at the start:
heat required: (yes/no)
final colour of the
food test reagent:
blue
no
colourless
In which molecule are cross-links formed between bases?
DNA
What controls the speed of chemical reactions in all living cells?
enzymes
Enzymes have an optimum temperature at which they are most active. Explain why enzyme activity decreases if below optimum temperature
enzymes have less kinetic energy
Enzymes have an optimum temperature at which they are most active. Explain why enzyme activity decreases if above optimum temperature
enzymes denature
- A piece of foil was placed over one green and white leaf on a plant. The plant was placed under a bright light for 24 hours and then tested for starch with iodine
solution. Which diagram shows the areas of the leaf that would stain blue-black with iodine solution?
A
12 The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.
light intensity
Which condition can be caused by a lack of fibre in the diet?
constipation
In which test-tube will the breakdown of fat be fastest?
milk, lipase and bile
milk and lipase
milk and bile
milk, boiled lipase and bile
milk, lipase and bile
15 The diagrams show stages in the passage of water through a plant.
Which arrow shows water moving in the form of water vapour?
B
The diagram shows some potato tubers. New shoots are beginning to grow. Sucrose is being translocated from source to sink.
Which statement is correct?
A The tuber is a sink.
B The soil is a sink.
C The shoots are sources.
D The shoots are sinks.
The shoots are sinks.
17 The diagram shows a section through the heart. What is the function of the structure labelled Q?
It prevents backflow of blood into part P.
During the process of blood clotting, damage to blood vessels stimulates L, and M is converted
to N. What are L, M and N?
platelets fibrinogen fibrin
Which statement about passive immunity is correct?
A Antibodies are acquired.
B It gives a long-term effect.
C It is inherited.
D Memory cells are produced.
Antibodies are acquired.
Compared with inspired air, which description of expired air is correct?
A It has less oxygen and less carbon dioxide.
B It has less oxygen and more carbon dioxide.
C It has more oxygen and less carbon dioxide.
D It has more oxygen and more carbon dioxide.
It has less oxygen and more carbon dioxide.
Which row shows the features of the gas exchange surface in humans?
surface area:
thickness:
surface area: large
thickness: thin
Yeast is placed inside a container full of a glucose solution with no air.
Which word equation summarises the process that takes place inside the container?
glucose -> alcohol + carbon dioxide
Which process uses energy released in respiration?
A diffusion
B evaporation
C growth
D osmosis
growth
Describe deamination
the removal of the nitrogen-containing part of amino acids to form urea
- Which numbered parts form the central nervous system?
1 and 2
26 The diagram shows a section through the eye of an octopus. Octopuses have eyes that are
similar in structure and function to human eyes. What is the structure labeled 5?
pupil
26 The diagram shows a section through the eye of an octopus. Octopuses have eyes that are
similar in structure and function to human eyes. What is the structure labeled 6?
cornea
26 The diagram shows a section through the eye of an octopus. Octopuses have eyes that are
similar in structure and function to human eyes. What is the structure labeled 2?
lens
26 The diagram shows a section through the eye of an octopus. Octopuses have eyes that are
similar in structure and function to human eyes. What is the structure labeled 4?
iris
A person eats a large bowl of rice. Rice contains starch.
What happens to the amounts of insulin in the body?
It increases
A person eats a large bowl of rice. Rice contains starch.
What happens to the amount of glucagon in their body?
it decreases
What will happen if a pregnant person smokes during pregnancy?
A Nicotine can cross the placenta and affect the fetus.
B Nicotine can cause COPD in the lungs of the fetus.
C The woman can become addicted to carbon monoxide.
D Carbon monoxide can cause cancer in the lungs of the fetus.
Nicotine can cross the placenta and affect the fetus.
31 The graph shows the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle.
Which curve on the graph represents the hormone LH?
C
The graph shows the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle.
Which curve on the graph represents the hormone FSH?
A
The graph shows the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle.
Which curve on the graph represents the hormone Oestrogen?
B
The graph shows the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle.
Which curve on the graph represents the hormone progesterone?
D
33 pg 14 In a species of pea plant, height is controlled by one gene. The allele for tall is dominant to the
allele for short.
A test cross is done to identify the genotype of a tall pea plant.
The table shows the possible phenotypes of the offspring and a description of the genotypes of
the tall parent pea plant.
C
What is continuous variation?
For any species, a characteristic that changes gradually over a range of values.
What is discontinuous variation?
A characteristic of any species with only a limited number of possible values
What is a xerophyte?
a plant which needs very little water.
What is a hydrophyte?
plants that have adapted to living in aquatic environments
37 pg 16 The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the nitrogen cycle. What processe is carried out at stage 2?
absorbtion
37 pg 16 The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the nitrogen cycle. What processe is carried out at stage 3?
decomposition
37 pg 16 The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the nitrogen cycle. What processe is carried out at stage 4?
nitrification
37 pg 16 The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the nitrogen cycle. What processe is carried out at stage 5?
nitrogen fixation
37 pg 16 The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the nitrogen cycle. What processe is carried out at stage 1?
denitrification
38 Genetically engineered bacteria are used to produce human proteins.
Into which component of the bacterial cell is human DNA inserted to produce human proteins?
Plasmid
What enyme digests the sugar in milk?
lactase
What type of sugar is in milk?
lactose
