Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neurology > 3: MND > Flashcards

3: MND Flashcards

1
Q

What is motor neuron disease

A

Neurodegenerative condition with disruption UMN and LMN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is specific about MND

A

UMN and LMN signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What. % of MND is genetic

A

5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What mutation is associated with genetic MND

A

Superoxide dismutase (SOD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 4 types of MND

A
  • ALS
  • Progressive bulbar palsy
  • Progressive muscular atrophy
  • Primary lateral sclerosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most common type of MND

A

ALS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does ALS present

A

UMN and LMN loss.

Usually LMN in arms and UMN in legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If familial what mutation is present in ALS

A

SOD on chromosome 21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What cranial nerves are most commonly impacted in progressive bulbar palsy

A

9-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does progressive muscular atrophy present

A

LMN signs in distal muscles before proximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What muscles are affected first in progressive muscular atrophy

A

Distal prior to proximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is primary lateral sclerosis

A

Loss of betz cells in primary motor cortex causing UMN signs only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When is MND suspected

A

Over 40 with:

  • Fasciculation
  • UMN and LMN signs
  • Hypo-reflexia
  • Proximal myopathy
  • Spastic gait
  • Weak grip
  • Wasting small muscles hand and tibialis anterior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are never events for MND

A
  • NO sensory signs
  • NO cerebellar signs
  • NO extra-ocular muscle involvement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is MND distinguished from myasthenia gravis

A

No extra-ocular muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What criteria is used to diagnose MND

A

El Escario

17
Q

What does El Escorial criteria state should be present to definitively diagnose MND

A

UMN and LMN signs in three regions

18
Q

What investigations are ordered in MND

19
Q

What is seen on nerve conduction studies

A

No abnormality

20
Q

What is seen on EMG in MND

A
  • Reduced number action potentials

- Increased amplitude

21
Q

How is ALS

22
Q

What is the MOA of riluzole

A

Glutamate receptor stimulation

23
Q

What is the advantage of riluzole

A

Prolongs life by 3-months

24
Q

How can excess saliva in MND be managed

A
  • Propantheline
  • Positioning
  • Botox
  • Suction
25
Q

What is propantheline

A

Anti-cholinergic

26
Q

How is dysphagia managed in MND

A

Blend Food

Gastrotomy

27
Q

How is spasticity managed in MND

A

Orthotics

Exercise

28
Q

How is respiration managed in MND

29
Q

What does MND increase risk of

Neurology (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions