1(E): Head Injury Flashcards
What is head injury
Physical damage to brain secondary to external impact
How is head injury classified
- Open
2. Closed
What is open head injury
Dura mater is disrupted
What is closed head injury
Dura mater remains intact
In which groups are head injuries more common
Children under-5
Adolescences
Over 65’s
How may a head injury present
- Loss of consciousness
- Amnesia
- Nausea and vomitting
- Dizziness
- Seizures
Cushing’s triad
What is Cushing’s triad
HTN
Bradycardia
Decrease respiration
What are the features of anterior basal skull fracture
Rhinorrhoea
Racoon eyes
What are the features of posterior basilar skull fracture
CSF Otorrhoea
Battle sign
Haemotympanum
What is haemotympanum
Blood behind ear drum
What causes battle sign
Subcutaneous haematoma
When should TBI be suspected
Individual with rapidly deteriorating consciousness
What is primary brain injury
Injury at immediate time of impact
What is coup
Injury caused by contusion of the brain
What is counter-coup
Cerebral contusion opposite impact