3. lexical meaning

Question 1

Lexical semantics looks at?

Answer 1

Lexical semantics looks at the meaning of words.

Question 2

There are two main approaches: D______ Theory and P______ Theory.

Answer 2

Definition Theory and Prototype Theory.

Question 3

Breaking down a whole into its essential components and giving typical examples are natural ways of explaining things in everyday conversation.

What dictionaries do is similar. 

Which theory is this?

Answer 3

Definition Theory

Question 4

One of the problems with dictionary definitions is that they use l_______ to define l_____.

Answer 4

One of the problems with dictionary definitions is that they use language to define language.

Question 5

the analysis of the meaning of a word or other linguistic unit into discrete semantic components is called what?

Answer 5

Componential Analysis

Question 6

A more precise version of the same componential approach is the ‘__________ ________ ___ _________’ (NSC) approach.

Answer 6

A more precise version of the same componential approach is the ‘Necessary and Sufficient Conditions’ (NSC) approach.

Question 7

bachelor [N] is a classic example.
It can be defined in terms of just three conditions:

\+ human 
\+ male 
\+ unmarried What approach is being used to describe this word?

Answer 7

‘Necessary and Sufficient Conditions’ (NSC)

Question 8

The meaning of a word we store in our minds and find in dictionary definitions is called its s_____.

Answer 8

sense

Question 9

R________ is the specific use of a word in an actual expression (syntagm) referring to an object in the real world, e.g. In this photo, Britta is holding a ball.

Answer 9

Reference

Question 10

penguins and ostriches are peripheral to the category BIRD because they don’t fly.

which theory is this?

Answer 10

Prototype theory

Question 11

a particular type of prototype effect, conventionalized expressions which depart from the central meaning of a category which cannot be predicated by general rules

Answer 11

Radial categories