3 - Jung and Analytic Psychology Flashcards
1
Q
Who is Jung?
A
- Jung is the 2nd most influential figure in psychodynamics
- fundamental ideas became important in the humanist perspective
- primary source of personality is in the unconscious
- had an understanding of patterns of thinking
2
Q
What is the collective unconscious?
A
- collective/shared nature of all humans
- all humans share life energy (libido) that can serve a number of different needs and motives (archetypes/instincts)
- instincts = built in reactions and ways of thinking
- when we project an archetype, it releases pleasure and uses energy
- Jung identified these archetypes by listening to stories and myths across cultures
3
Q
What is the personal unconscious?
A
- contains things specific to our own lives (either non-existent at birth, or empty)
- contents are organized into complexes (collections of thematically-related material)
- complexes gather around archetypal energy
- we all have different complexes due to personal experiences
- complexes can be good or bad
- can detract from product use of libidio
- can drive creative endeavors
4
Q
What are the two elements that the personal unconscious contains?
A
- thoughts that were once conscious, but were forgotten or repressed
- thoughts that never made it into consciousness (weak sensory experiences)
5
Q
What is the function of complexes?
A
provide energy and guide conscious thinking
6
Q
What are vital archetypes?
A
archetypes in which individual has a complex
7
Q
What is the ego? (according to Jung)
A
- similar to Freud’s view
- conscious part of the mind
- guides individual through life in a rational way
- allows for projection of archetypes
8
Q
What is the persona?
A
- archetype = instinct for social conformity; the desire to please others
- complex = the personality shown to others; the social self (often done deliberately)
- danger = important part of ourselves may remain hidden from others and ourselves (inflation)
9
Q
What is the anima?
A
- archetype = a male’s image of femaleness; a male’s feminine instincts
- archetype is projected onto the interactions with women
- complex = all aspects of a male’s personality considered contrasexual (repressed)
- eg. Pretty Woman
10
Q
What is the function of the anima?
A
- have to understand and go through the anima complex to discover new things
- organizes and serves as guide to personal unconscious
- doorway to creativity of unconscious mind
11
Q
What is the animus?
A
- archetype = a female’s image of maleness; a female’s masculine instincts
- complex = all aspects of a female’s personality considered contrasexual (repressed/rejected)
12
Q
What is the function of the animus?
A
- masculine traits
- guide to personal unconscious
- key to creativity of unconscious mind
- framework for interaction with men
13
Q
What is the shadow
A
- archetype = a person’s most primitive and basic instincts; our dark animal side
- tendency to think of the shadow as evil, but just powerful and difficult to control
- complex = all aspects of personality seen as “other” and rejected
- by not recognizing shadow, increase risk it will burst forward without conscious thought
14
Q
What is the self?
A
- most important of the vital archetypes
- archetype = instinct to seek unity, wholeness, integration
- projections = desirable goal, things that are positive, valued (eg. gems, royal figures, spherical objects)
- complex = the integration of all aspects/complexes of personality
- most do not have a self complex (only 5 - 10%)
15
Q
What are the processes of self actualization?
A
Individuation
- becoming aware of and getting to know complexes
- starts with persona, then by discovering contrasexual side
Transcendent function
- once a complex has been individuated, the transcendent function works to integrate that complex into a single unified self
- when the self develops, it encompossases and replaces all other complexes
- complexes become unrecognizable
Two processes occur simultaneously
16
Q
What are Jung’s stages of development?
A
- stages are differentiated by what particular instincts are being powered
Childhood (birth to adolescence)
- libido used for basic life functions
- emergence of sex drive
Young adulthood (adolescence to age 40) - energy devoted to finding mate, building a family, having a career
Middle age (40 to 65)
- life is set in it’s pattern
- beginning to turn inward, self-actualization
Old age (65+) - time of decline/withdrawal
17
Q
What are Jung’s two basic attitudes?
A
- outward (extroversion) and inward (introversion)
- not a statement of personality, but rather about direction of attention
- first to talk about introversion and extroversion, but the definition is different as it is today
- ideally the two attitudes would be balanced, but people usually have a preference
18
Q
What are the four functions?
A
Rational = involve judging or evaluating
- thinking
- feeling = evaluating emotionally what we are feeling
Non-rational = do not involve judging or evaluating
- sensing = being aware of the presence of a stimulus
- intuiting = gut orientation, decision based on a vague internal inclination
19
Q
What are primary and auxiliary functions?
A
- most people have a bias towards a certain function (conscious ego)
- the opposite function (same category of rational vs non-rational) dominates the unconscious (repressed)
- auxiliary function = opposing function (i.e. non-rational for rational)
- not everyone has an auxiliary function
20
Q
What is a thinking extrovert?
A
- objective, cold, lives according to fixed rules
- positive and dogmatic in thinking
- feeling is repressed
21
Q
What is a feeling extrovert?
A
- emotional, respectful of authority and tradition
- sociable, seeks harmony with the world
- thinking is repressed
22
Q
What is a sensing extrovert?
A
- pleasure-seeking, - socially adaptive
seeks new sensory experiences and sensual pleasures (art, food) - realistic, intuiting repressed
23
Q
What is an intuiting extrovert?
A
- decides based on hunches rather than facts
- changeable, creative
- moves from idea to idea rapidly
- very familiar with unconscious
- sensing repressed
24
Q
What is a thinking introvert?
A
- intense desire for privacy
- socially inhibited with poor practical judgement
- intellectual who ignores practical life
- feeling repressed
25
What is a feeling introvert?
- quiet, thoughtful, very sensitive
- childish and indifferent to feelings, thoughts of others
- very little expression of emotion
- thinking repressed
26
What is a sensing introvert?
- artistic, passive, calm
- detached from people
- rolls with flow of events rather than guiding them
- intuition repressed
27
What is an intuiting introvert?
- eccentric daydreamer, with new and strange ideas
- not understood by others, and caring little about their opinion
- life guided by inner rather than outer experiences
- sensing repressed
28
What is the MBTI?
- world’s most popular personality test
- designed by two women inspired by Jung
- purpose = career guidance
- individuals in different professions typically have different personality types
29
What are the (philosophical) criticisms of Jung?
- too much religion and occult in writings (should be more objective)
- Jung responded by saying that the purpose is to understand the beliefs, not that he necessarily believed them
- unclear, contradictory, hard to understand
- elitist = only well-off have leisure, funds to achieve self-actualization
30
What are the contributions of Jung?
- introduced concept of self-actualization
- first to emphasize role of future goals as a factor in personality development and behaviour
- seen as more optimistic than Freud about human nature and personality
- first theory to include ideas from Eastern philosophy and religion
