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Pathology > 3 - GI Disease > Flashcards

3 - GI Disease Flashcards

1
Q

canker sores, aka _

A

aphthous ulcers

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2
Q

herpes virus, aka _; approx _% of population

A

herpetic stomatitis; 75

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3
Q

herpes simplex 1 stays dormant in ganglia associated with oral cavity and can be reactivated by: (3)

A

viral respiratory infections, sun, extreme cold

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4
Q

herpes virus are vesicles containing _

A

necrotic cells and edema fluid

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5
Q

oral thrush is fungal, caused by _

A

candida albicans

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6
Q

biggest threat with oral thrush?

A

can spread to esophagus, become systemic and cause life threatening injury

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7
Q

white, well defined mucosal plaque caused by epidermal thickening and hyperkeratosis

A

leukoplakia

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8
Q

strong association with _ and leukoplakia; males or females?

A

smoking; males

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9
Q

leukoplakia can undergo transformation into squamous cell carcinoma, _%

A

6

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10
Q

oral squamous cell carcinoma represents _% of cancers in USA

A

3

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11
Q

even though oral squamous cell carcinoma is diagnosed early, it is likely to _;
_ result in death within 5 years of diagnosis

A

metastasize to mouth lymph nodes;

half

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12
Q

salivary gland infection, aka _; 3 types?

A

sialadenitis

-bacterial, viral, autoimmune

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13
Q

viral salivary gland infection is _ (aka _)

A

paramyxovirus, mumps

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14
Q

bacterial salivary gland infection is usually _

A

retrograde

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15
Q

sjogren syndrome affects _

A

all salivary and lacrimal glands

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16
Q

dry mouth is called _
dry eye is called _
(both associated with sjogren)

A

xerostomia

keratoconjunctivitis sicca

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17
Q

tumors of salivary glands most often occur in which 2 glands?

A

paratoid and submandibular

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18
Q

tumors of salivary glands affect males or females more?

_% are benign

A

both equally

75

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19
Q

hiatal hernia is to allow separation between muscles of diaphragm and esophagus, this allows _

A

stomach to protrude into thoracic cavity

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20
Q

hiatal hernia where esophageal-gastric junction is displaced cranially, 95% of cases

A

axial or sliding hernia

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21
Q

hiatal hernia where esophageal-gastric junction stays in place

A

paraesophageal hernia

22
Q

esophageal varices refers to _

A

varicose veins of esophagus

23
Q

esophageal varices usually happen secondary to _

A

cirrhosis of the liver (venous congestion)

24
Q

GERD is _

A

reflux of gastric contents into esophagus, leading to inflammation of esophageal mucosa

25
Q

functional obstruction of esophagus, failure to relax of lower esoph sphincter

A

achalasia

26
Q

what makes up 90% of esophageal cancers?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

27
Q

inflammation of the stomach mucosal lining

A

gastritis

28
Q

50% of those over 50 yrs have _

A

chronic gastritis

29
Q

chronic gastritis is often associated with which bacteria?

A

helicobacter pylori

30
Q

chronic ulcers of stomach and duodenum

A

peptic ulcers

31
Q

frequency of ulcers is higher in stomach or duodenum?

A

duodenum

32
Q

inflammation of the vermiform appendix at the proximal end of the colon near the ileocolon junction

A

appendicitis

33
Q

pain is where with appendicitis?

A

lower right quadrant

34
Q

major concern of appendicitis?

A

rupturing and potentially life threatening peritonitis

35
Q

chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of the alimentary tract

A

inflammatory bowel disease - idiopathic

36
Q

patchy, granulomatous inflammatory disease involving all layers of the intestinal wall

A

Chron’s disease

37
Q

Chron’s disease usually occurs where? (but can affect esophagus to anus)

A

small intestine and colon

38
Q

ulcerative inflammatory condition of mucosa and submucosa of the colon, starts in rectum and progresses to entire colon

A

idiopathic ulcerative colitis

39
Q

IBS results in:
weight _
_albuminemia

A

loss

hypo

40
Q

with IBS, ulcers on face or shins with necrotic centers and advancing borders

A

pyoderma gangrenosum

41
Q

with IBS, tender subcutaneous nodules on anterior tibia

A

erythema nodosum

42
Q

_% of patients with IBD will acquire arthritis

A

45

43
Q

failure to digest/absorb food

A

malabsorption syndrome

44
Q

luminal phase of malabsorption, usually reduction of _ enzymes;
which 3 nutrients

A

pancreatic

carbs, lipid, protein

45
Q

most common type of malabsorption

A

involvement of mucosal phase

46
Q

out-pouching on the serosal surface of colon

A

colonic diverticulitis

47
Q

varicose veins in the anorectal area

A

anorectal hemorrhoids

48
Q

solidification of the feces due to longer periods within GIT

A

fecoliths

49
Q

bowel telescopes on itself

A

intussusception

50
Q

intestinal tract twists itself on itself

A

torsion

Pathology (8 decks)

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