3 - Cardiac Pathology Flashcards
pathology of the heart which results in a reduction in cardiac output as a result of the hearts inadequacy as a pump, leads to reduced perfusion and increased congestion of tissue
congestive heart failure
2 types of congestive heart failure:
right-sided and left-sided
right sided failure-
results in pooling in _
right ventricle, atria, and venous system
right sided failure will affect _ and _
blood flow back from viscera and lymph return from tissue to the vasculature
pulmonary semilunar and tricuspid failure result in _-sided heart disease
right
_-sided failure elicits an autonomic response or renal implications
left
_-sided failure is more intense
left
left-sided failure results in decreased output to _
general circulation/body
left sided failure leads to increased _ pressure in left ventricle
end diastolic
with left sided failure, blood will back up to _
lungs, resulting in pulmonary edema
mitral or aortic semilunar valve failure leads to _-sided failure
left
manifestations of left-sided failure:
PULMONARY EDEMA cough dyspnea decreased exercise tolerance weight gain
as cardiac output decreases, we will see _ kick in to maintain normal cardiac output
compensatory mechanisms (compensated heart failure)
classic CHF:
- activation of _ division of ANS
- increase in heart rate and force of myocardial contraction
sympathetic
when compensate is loss, you will see _ heart failure
uncompensated
dec cardiac output = decreased renal blood flow,
= sodium _
= water _
= _ blood urea nitrogen levels
retention
retention
increased
