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Anatomy 2 > 3: Face & Nose Development > Flashcards

3: Face & Nose Development Flashcards

1
Q

when do facial primordia appear

A

week 4

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2
Q

where do facial primordia develop

A

around the stomodeum

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3
Q

name the facial primordia

A

1 frontonasal prominence (rostral to stomodeum)

2 maxillary prominences (lateral to stomodeum)

2 mandibular prominences (caudal to stomodeum)

these are all rostral to the 2nd pharyngeal arch

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4
Q

when do most facial structures develop

A

weeks 4-8

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5
Q

facial development in fetal period

A

cranium expands

eyes shift anteriorly & medially

ears move superiorly

nose is more prominent

proportions become more normal

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6
Q

nasal placodes

A

2 ectodermal thickenings

in frontonasal prominence

end of 4th week

mesenchyme around them form elevations: 2 medial nasal prominences & 2 lateral nasal prominences

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7
Q

facial development (months 2-3)

A

facial features more pronounced

eyes move medially

ears move superiorly (1st ossification centers in skull)

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8
Q

nasal pits

A

week 5 (33 day embryo)

future nostrils (nares)

epithelium of nasal placodes sinks down into underlying mesenchyme to form depressions

sink in due to surrounding elevations (medial & lateral nasal prominences)

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9
Q

what forms nasal cavities

A

both nasal sacs form right & left nasal cavities

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10
Q

oronasal membrane

A

separates nasal cavities from oral cavity

ruptures at end of week 6

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11
Q

primordial choanae

A

help nasal & oral cavities communicate

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12
Q

choanae

A

established from secondary palate

separates nasal cavities from nasopharynx

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13
Q

what is olfactory epithelium derived from

A

neuroectoderm

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14
Q

what are nasal conchae derived from

A

lateral walls of nasal cavity

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15
Q

mandibular prominences

A

fuse at midline first (day 28) before merging with maxillary prominences

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16
Q

maxillary prominences

A

grow in size soon after mandibular prominences fuse

move medially

compress medial nasal prominences in midline

17
Q

medial nasal prominences

A

compressed by growing maxillary prominences and fuse together

18
Q

nasolacrimal groove

A

cleft btwn the lateral nasal prominences and the maxillary prominences

lost when lateral nasal prominences fuse with maxillary prominences

19
Q

nasolacrimal duct

A

ectoderm proliferates into underlying mesenchyme & forms a solid rod that separates from surface & canalizes

superior end=nasolacrimal sac
inferior end=inferior meatus of nasal cavity

20
Q

nasolacrimal sac

A

dilation of superior end of nasolacrimal duct

21
Q

intermaxillary segment

A

fused medial nasal prominences

22
Q

labial component of intermaxillary segment

A

philtrum of upper lip

23
Q

upper jaw component of intermaxillary segment

A

premaxillary part of maxilla (4 incisors and associated gingiva)

24
Q

palatal component of intermaxillary segment

A

primary (1*) palate (only the most anterior portion of the hard palate; by incisive foramen/papilla)

25
Q

secondary (2*) palate

A

remainder of the hard palate & soft palate (and uvula)

26
Q

formation of secondary palate

A

lateral palatine processes (2 plates of mesenchyme) extend medially from maxillary processes

palatine processes project inferomedially, then swing upwards to horizontal position –> fuse with each other, with 1* palate, and with nasal septum

27
Q

incisive foramen

A

where 2* palate fuses with 1* palate

used to indicate ant & post palatal defects

28
Q

median palatine raphe

A

where lateral palatine processes fuse together

29
Q

hard palate

A

formed by ossifying the 1* palate and anterior portion of 2* palate

30
Q

soft palate & uvula

A

posterior-most portion of 2* palate

does not ossify

31
Q

cleft lip

A

anterior palatal defect

failure of medial nasal prominences to fuse with maxillary prominences on one or both sides

cleft lip=unilateral/bilateral/midline
cleft palate=btwn 1* and 2* palates

Anatomy 2 (6 decks)

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