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Anatomy 2 > 1: Posterior Cervical Triangle > Flashcards

1: Posterior Cervical Triangle Flashcards

1
Q

order of the deep fascia (outer to inner)

A 
investing
pretracheal
buccopharyngeal
alar
prevertebral
carotid sheath
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2
Q

investing fascia

A

surrounds traps, SCM, and infrahyoid mm.

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3
Q

pretracheal fascia

A

surrounds thyroid, trachea, esophagus, post. surface of infrahyoid mm.

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4
Q

buccopharygeal fascia

A

surrounds pharynx posteriorly

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5
Q

alar fascia

A

ant. layer of prevertebral fascia & runs behind buccopharyngeal fascia

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6
Q

prevertebral fascia (Danger Space)

A

surrounds prevertebral & deep back mm.

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7
Q

carotid sheath

A

column of fascia that surrounds the CCA, ICA, IJV, & Vagus n.

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8
Q

where is the carotid sheath

A

btwn SCM & prevertebral mm.

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9
Q

what is carotid sheath made of

A

condensations of deep cervical fascia

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10
Q

infections in carotid sheath

A

can spread from skull to middle mediastinum

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11
Q

where does the external carotid leave the sheath

A

at the bifurcation of the carotid a. the internal carotid stays inside

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12
Q

middle mediastinum

A

structures btwn the lobes of the lungs (other than the heart)

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13
Q

where does the CCA arise from

A

middle mediastinum

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14
Q

where is the pretracheal space

A

btwn trachea & infrahyoid mm., from thyroid cartilage down into anterior medistinum

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15
Q

where is the retropharyngeal space

A

btwn buccopharyngeal & alar fascia, from skull base down into superior mediastinum

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16
Q

where is the prevertebral “danger” space

A

btwn alar & prevertebral fascia

at T12 at posterior of thoracic cavity

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17
Q

infections in the danger space

A

can spread from skull base down into posterior mediastinum

notorious for inferior spread of infections here

18
Q

zone I of neck

A

thoracic inlet to cricoid cartilage

19
Q

zone II of neck

A

cricoid cartilage to angle of mandible

20
Q

zone III of neck

A

angle of mandible to base of skull

21
Q

PCT boundaries

A

anterior=SCM
posterior=trapezius m.
inferior=middle 1/3 of clavicle

22
Q

PCT contents

A 
platysma m.
external jugular v.
cutaneous nn.
motor nn.
transverse cervical a.
suprascapular a.
deep mm.
23
Q

PCT cutaneous nn.

A

branches of our cervical plexus, all emerge deep to SCM at Erb’s point

lesser occipital (C2-C3)
great auricular (C2-C3)
transverse cervical (C2-C3)
supraclavicular (C3-C4)
24
Q

lesser occipital n.

A

(C2-C3)

runs sup. along post. border of SCM

crosses over portion of occipital a.

supplies skin of scalp at apex of triangle

25
Q

great auricular n.

A

(C2-C3)

ascends vertically on surface of SCM

runs with EJV superiorly toward ear

supplies lobe & skin post. to auricle, and angle of mandible to mastoid process

26
Q

transverse cervical n.

A

(C2-C3)

runs transversely across middle of SCM

supplies skin of ACT & lateral neck

27
Q

supraclavicular nn.

A

(C3-C4)

3 main branches: medial, intermediate, lateral (post.) nn.

superficial to clavicle & deep to platysma

supply skin of clavicular region

28
Q

PCT motor nn.

A

accessory n. (CN XI)

phrenic n. (C3-C5)

29
Q

accessory n.

A

(CN XI)

emerges from jugular foramen

runs diagonally thru triangle, deep to investing fascia

supplied SCM & trapezius mm.

30
Q

phrenic n.

A

(C3-C5)

descends vertically along anterior scalene m.

crossed anteriorly by transverse cervical a. & suprascapular a.

enters thorax btwn subclavian v. & a.

travels along pericardial sack to support diaphragm (both sensory and motor)

31
Q

external jugular v.

A

drains into subclavian v.

32
Q

transverse cervical a.

A

from thyrocervical trunk

33
Q

suprascapular a.

A

from thyrocervical trunk

34
Q

PCT deep mm.

A

splenius capitis m.
levator scapulae m.
3 scalene mm.
omohyoid m. (inf. belly)

35
Q

splenius capitis m.

A

o: spinous processes of C7-T4 vertebrae
i: occipital bone & mastoid process of skull
a: extend & laterally rotate head & neck
inn: dorsal rami of spinal nn.

36
Q

levator scapulae m.

A

o: transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
i: superomedial border of scapula
a: elevate scapula
inn: dorsal scapular n. (C5)

37
Q

anterior scalene m.

A

o: transverse processes of C3-C6
i: 1st rib
a: tilt neck laterally
inn: ventral rami C3-C8 nn.

use this to find phrenic n.

38
Q

middle scalene m.

A

o: transverse processes of C2-C7
i: 1st rib
a: tilt neck laterally
inn: ventral rami C3-C8 nn.

subclavian a. is in btwn anterior & middle scalene mm.

39
Q

posterior scalene m.

A

o: transverse processes of C4-C6
i: 2nd rib
a: tilt neck laterally
inn: ventral rami C3-C8 nn.

40
Q

interscalene triangle

A

elongated triangle deep to PCT

formed by ant scalene, mid scalene & 1st rib

brachial plexus & subclavian a. pass thru it

subclavian v. passes anteriorly to ant. scalene m.

Anatomy 2 (6 decks)

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