3: Eyelid disorders Flashcards
Define entropion
Turning of the inner eyelid towards to globe
What causes entropions
Ageing
How do entropions present clinically
- Lower eyelid is turned
towards to globe - Foreign body sensation in the eye
- Photophobia
- Blepharospasm
- Epiphoria
What is blepharospasm
Abnormal contraction of eyelid muscles
What is epiphora
Excessive watering
What can entropion cause
Eyelid can irritate the cornea leading to abrasions - which may cause secondary infection
What is first-line management of entropion
Use of tape to stick lower eyelid to cheek to provide short-term relief
What is second-line management of entropion
Botox
What is third-line management of entropion
Surgical correction
What is an ectropion
Eversion of the lower eye-lid
What typically causes ectropion
Ageing
How does ectropion presentt
Everted eyelids
Irritation
Epiphora
How are ectropions managed
Surgery
What is blepharitis
Inflammation eyelid
What causes blepharitis
- Staphylococcus
- Viral
- Seborrheic dermatitis
- Rosacea
How does blepharitis present
- Swelling eye lids
- Irregular, burning, itching margins
- Crusting of the lashes
How is blepharitis managed
Eyelid hygiene
Oral erythromycin
What is a chalazion
grantulomatous swelling due to obstruction of meibomian gland
What are the sebaceous glands of the eye called
meibomian glands
What can cause chalazion
obstruction of sebaceous gland:
- poor hygiene
- stress
- infections (TB)
How will chalazions present clinically
Firm, painless rubbery nodule on the eyelid
How are chalazions managed
- Conservative
- Incision and curettage
If a persistent chalazion what may it indicate
carcinoma of meibomian gland
What is a stye also called
hordeolum
What is a hordeolum
infection or abscess that causes swelling of the eyelid
What is a hordeolum externum
Infection/abcess in a lash follicle - either glands of moll or zeis
what are the glands of moll
sweat glands
what are the glands of Zeis
glands adjacent to lash follicles that produce sebum
what is a hordeolum internetum
infection or abscess of glands of meibomiam
How do hordeolums present
painful erythematous pus-filled nodule
What is the main difference in presentation between a hordeolum and chiazon
hordeolum = painful chiazon = painless
what will happen to hordelums after several days
rupture and discharge
what are two risk factors for styes
diabetes
acne vulgaris
how should hordeolum externals be managed
warm compress for 5-10m a day
