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Ophthalmology > 3: Eyelid disorders > Flashcards

3: Eyelid disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Define entropion

A

Turning of the inner eyelid towards to globe

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2
Q

What causes entropions

A

Ageing

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3
Q

How do entropions present clinically

A
  • Lower eyelid is turned
    towards to globe
  • Foreign body sensation in the eye
  • Photophobia
  • Blepharospasm
  • Epiphoria
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4
Q

What is blepharospasm

A

Abnormal contraction of eyelid muscles

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5
Q

What is epiphora

A

Excessive watering

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6
Q

What can entropion cause

A

Eyelid can irritate the cornea leading to abrasions - which may cause secondary infection

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7
Q

What is first-line management of entropion

A

Use of tape to stick lower eyelid to cheek to provide short-term relief

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8
Q

What is second-line management of entropion

A

Botox

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9
Q

What is third-line management of entropion

A

Surgical correction

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10
Q

What is an ectropion

A

Eversion of the lower eye-lid

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11
Q

What typically causes ectropion

A

Ageing

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12
Q

How does ectropion presentt

A

Everted eyelids
Irritation
Epiphora

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13
Q

How are ectropions managed

A

Surgery

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14
Q

What is blepharitis

A

Inflammation eyelid

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15
Q

What causes blepharitis

A
  • Staphylococcus
  • Viral
  • Seborrheic dermatitis
  • Rosacea
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16
Q

How does blepharitis present

A
  • Swelling eye lids
  • Irregular, burning, itching margins
  • Crusting of the lashes
17
Q

How is blepharitis managed

A

Eyelid hygiene

Oral erythromycin

18
Q

What is a chalazion

A

grantulomatous swelling due to obstruction of meibomian gland

19
Q

What are the sebaceous glands of the eye called

A

meibomian glands

20
Q

What can cause chalazion

A

obstruction of sebaceous gland:

  • poor hygiene
  • stress
  • infections (TB)
21
Q

How will chalazions present clinically

A

Firm, painless rubbery nodule on the eyelid

22
Q

How are chalazions managed

A
  • Conservative

- Incision and curettage

23
Q

If a persistent chalazion what may it indicate

A

carcinoma of meibomian gland

24
Q

What is a stye also called

A

hordeolum

25
Q

What is a hordeolum

A

infection or abscess that causes swelling of the eyelid

26
Q

What is a hordeolum externum

A

Infection/abcess in a lash follicle - either glands of moll or zeis

27
Q

what are the glands of moll

A

sweat glands

28
Q

what are the glands of Zeis

A

glands adjacent to lash follicles that produce sebum

29
Q

what is a hordeolum internetum

A

infection or abscess of glands of meibomiam

30
Q

How do hordeolums present

A

painful erythematous pus-filled nodule

31
Q

What is the main difference in presentation between a hordeolum and chiazon

A 
hordeolum = painful 
chiazon = painless
32
Q

what will happen to hordelums after several days

A

rupture and discharge

33
Q

what are two risk factors for styes

A

diabetes

acne vulgaris

34
Q

how should hordeolum externals be managed

A

warm compress for 5-10m a day

Ophthalmology (12 decks)

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