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Ophthalmology > 2: Uveitis > Flashcards

2: Uveitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the uvea

A

Middle-layer of the eye

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2
Q

What is the uvea composed of

A
  • Iris
  • Ciliary bodies
  • Choroid
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3
Q

What are the two types of uveitis

A

Anterior

Posterior

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4
Q

What is anterior uveitis

A

Inflammation in iris or ciliary bodies

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5
Q

What is the most common form of uveitis

A

Anterior uveitis

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6
Q

What causes 50% of uveitis

A

Idiopathic

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7
Q

What conditions can cause uveitis

A
  • HLAB27 spondyloarthropathies
  • RA
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Behcet’s
  • IBD
  • SLE
  • TB or Syphillis
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8
Q

What is Behcets disease

A

Autoimmune disease characterised by inflammation arteries or veins

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9
Q

What is the triad that typically presents in Behcets disease

A
  • Anterior uveitis
  • Oral ulcers
  • Genital ulcers
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10
Q

Is uveitis unilateral or bilateral

A

Unilateral, but can affect both eyes

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11
Q

What time-frame does uveitis onset

A

Hours-days

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12
Q

What are 5 symptoms of anterior uveitis

A
  1. Occular hyperaemia
  2. Dull ocular pain
  3. Decrease visual acuity
  4. Photophobia
  5. Mild watering - no stickiness!
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13
Q

Why does photophobia occur in anterior uveitis

A

Accommodation involves both cilia and iris - hence causing pain

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14
Q

What are 3 differential diagnosis for anterior uveitis

A

Keratitis
Conjunctivitis
Acute angle-closure glaucoma

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15
Q

What is first line investigation for anterior uveitis

A

Slit lamp

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16
Q

What are two features of slit-lamp examination in anterior uveitis

A

Posterior synchiae

Keratin precipitates

17
Q

What are keratin precipitates

A

Dots on rear of cornea

18
Q

What are posterior synechiae

A

Adhesions from iris to lens

19
Q

What blood-test should be done in anterior uveitis

A

HLAB27

20
Q

What two medications are given in management of anterior uveitis

A

Glucocorticoids

Cyclopentolate

21
Q

Why is topicals cyclopentolate given in anterior uveitis

A

To cause pupil dilation in order to break synchiae

22
Q

What are 5 complications of anterior uveitis

A
  1. open angle glaucoma
  2. posterior synchiae
  3. anterior synchiae
  4. cataracts
  5. visual loss
23
Q

Why can secondary open-angle glaucoma occur in anterior uveitis

A

inflammation obstructs trabecular meshwork

24
Q

What is posterior synchiae

A

form between lens and iris

25
Q

What does posterior synchiae cause

A

clover-leafed pupillary distortion

26
Q

What are anterior synechia

A

forms between iris and cornea

27
Q

what is posterior uveitis

A

inflammation of choroid or vitritis

28
Q

what causes posterior uveitis

A

Infection:

  • Viral (EBV, HSV, VZV)
  • TB
  • Syphillis
  • Toxoplasmosis
29
Q

how will posterior uveitis present

A

Painless visual disturbance: scotoma, floaters, decrease acuity

30
Q

why does posterior uveitis not present with pain

A

As the choroid has no innervation

Ophthalmology (12 decks)

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