3 - duration

Question 1

who tested the duration of stm?

Answer 1

peterson and peterson

Question 2

what was peterson and peterson’s sample? (number and education)

Answer 2

24 undergraduate students

Question 3

how many trials did peterson and peterson’s sample take part in?

Answer 3

8

Question 4

what was peterson and peterson’s task?

Answer 4

participant was given a consonant syllable (3 letters together) to remember. they were also given a 3 digit number. they then had to count backwards from that number until they were told to stop. they were then asked to recall the consonant syllable

Question 5

how was each trial in peterson and peterson’s study different?

Answer 5

on each trial they had to stop counting backwards at different times

Question 6

after 18 seconds in peterson and peterson’s study, what percentage of participants gave the correct letters?

Answer 6

2%

Question 7

what does peterson and peterson’s study suggest?

Answer 7

the duration of our stm is very short

Question 8

how is artificial stimuli a weakness of peterson and peterson’s study?

Answer 8

they used meaningless stimuli. this does not reflect real life memory use. therefore it lacks external validity as it is not applicable to everyday real life

Question 9

how did reitman contradict peterson and peterson’s study? (weakness)

Answer 9

reitman argued that when he used auditory tones rather than letters, this stopped displacement occurring. he found people could remember the tones for up to 96 seconds, suggesting that peterson and peterson’s short term memory was limited because of displacement rather than decay

Question 10

who investigated the duration of ltm?

Answer 10

bahrick

Question 11

what was bahrick’s sample? (number, location, age)

Answer 11

392 people from ohio aged 17-74

Question 12

what was bahrick’s two tasks (conditions)

Answer 12

asked them to name people in their high school year book
asked them the names of people in their year group at high school (free recall)

Question 13

in bahrick’s study, those who were tested within 15 years of their graduation were what percentage accurate with photo recognition?

Answer 13

90%

Question 14

in bahrick’s study, those who were tested after 48 years since their graduation were what percentage able to name people in the photos?

Answer 14

70%

Question 15

in bahrick’s free recall condition, after 15 years of graduation how accurate was their long term memory?

Answer 15

60%

Question 16

in bahrick’s free recall condition, after 48 years of graduation how accurate was their long term memory?

Answer 16

30%

Question 17

what does bahrick’s study suggest?

Answer 17

how permanent/ long the duration of ltm is

Question 18

how does bahrick’s study have high external validity? (strength)

Answer 18

real life memories were studied, has meaning to the participant

Question 19

how are confounding variables a weakness of bahrick’s study?

Answer 19

there was no way of telling how often participants looked at their year books