3. Disinfection & Sterilization

Question 1

Sterilization

Answer 1

killing or removal of all microorganisms, including bacterial spores. It is an absolute germ free state.

Question 2

Disinfection

Answer 2

killing of many but not all microorganisms, Specially bacterial spores are not killed.

Question 3

Disinfectant

Answer 3

chemical agent that is used for disinfection.

Question 4

Antiseptics

Answer 4

chemical disinfectants, which can be safely applied to skin or mucous membrane and are used to prevent infection by inhibiting the growth of bacteria.

Question 5

Bactericide

Answer 5

chemical that destroys bacteria except for those at the endospore stage

Question 6

Fungicide

Answer 6

chemical that can kill fungal spores

Question 7

Virucide

Answer 7

chemical known to inactivate viruses,especially on living tissue

Question 8

Sporicide

Answer 8

an agent capable of destroying bacterial endospores

Question 9

Germicide/microbiocide

Answer 9

chemical agents that kill microorganisms

Question 10

Sepsis

Answer 10

the growth of microorganisms in the blood andother tissues

Question 11

Asepsis

Answer 11

any practice that prevents the entry of

infectious agents into sterile tissues and thus prevents infection

Question 12

Outcomes of microbial control

Answer 12

1. sterilization
2. disinfection
3. decontamination (also called sanitization)
4. antisepsis

Question 13

Factors that influence efficacy of disinfection/sterilization

Answer 13

1. Contact time
2. Physico-chemical environment (e.g. pH)
3. Presence of organic material
4. Temperature
5. Type of microorganism
6. Number of microorganisms
7. Material composition

Question 14

Control of microbial growth is based on

Answer 14

1. Types of microbe
2. Extent of contamination
3. Environmental conditions
4. Potential risk

Question 15

Sterilization

Answer 15

1. Heat sterilization
2. Filtration sterilization
3. Radiation sterilization