3. Chronic Nasal Disease Flashcards
What should you focus on during your physical exam in a chronic nasal disease?
Nares - configuration/discharge
Pigmentation
Erosions
Noise
Airflow
Symmetry
Eye
Eye Position
Pain
Otic Exam
What is stertor?
Low frequency, snore like sound indicating disease of the soft palate, pharynx or nasopharynx
(nasal disease, long soft palate)
What is stridor?
Sound resulting in impaired airflow through larynx or trachea
Inspiratory or expiratory
What are the differentials for epistaxis? (Dog)
Systemic:
-Thrombocytopenia
-Thrombocytopathies
-Coagulation Factor Deficiency
-Vasculitis
-Hypertension
-Hyperviscosity
Primary:
-Neoplasia
-Aspergillus
-Foreign Body
-Tooth Root Abscess
-Rhinitis
-Vascular Abnormality
What are some exam findings that would imply a systemic cause?
Ecchymosis
Petichia
Hypehma
Melena
Pale MM
Tachycardia
Retinal Hemorrhage
Neuro deficit
Heart Mumur
Cavitary bleeding (pleural, abdonimal, joint effusion)
What are some diagnositcs youd use if you are suspecting systemic disease causing epistaxis?
CBC
Chem
PT/PTT
BMBT
BP
What are signs of neoplasia?
Facial deformity, stertor, nasal discharge, neuro, ocular, decreased ocular retropulsion
What are signs of aspergillus?
Sneezing, epistaxis, mucopurulent discharge, facial deofrmity, ulceration, depigmentation
YOung to middle aged
What are signs of a FB?
Pawing, sneeze, shake head, reverse sneeze, plant, gag, vomit
What are signs of a tooth root abscess?
mucopurulent, good air flwo, skull or dental rads, periodontal probe
What are signs of lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis?
chronic unknown
young to middle age, large breed
Sneeze, mucoid, unilateral
What are some diagnostics to rule out primary causes of epistaxis?
Skull Rads
CT of Head
Rhinoscopy
Nasal Biopsy
What are some feline differentials for stertor?
Nasal Polyp
Nasopharyngeal stenosis
Chronic rhinitis
Fungal infeciton
FB
Neoplasia
What are polyps?
Benign pedunculated growth from epithelum typanic bulla or auditiory tube
-1.5yr
What is nasophayngeal stenosis?
Narrowing nasopharynx
Congenital or secondary to rhinitis, aspiration or trauma
URT
What causes chronic rhiniosinusitis?
Feline herpes
Turbinate destruction
Cat all ages
What type of fungal infection doe cats normally get?
Cryptococcal
Young cat
facial distortion
Cytology
What neoplasia is common in cats nose?
Lymphoma (adenocarcinoma or sarcoma)
What are some diagnostics to run for feline stertor?
CBC, Chem, Image, Sedate upper airway exam, rhinoscopy
How do you treat a polyp? What are some side effects of treatment?
Traction and avulsion
Horners, vestibular, facial nerve paralysis, chronic otitis media and interna
Recurrance high
