3. Cellular adaptation to stress, regeneration, wound healing

Question 1

Hypertrophy

Answer 1

Increase in cell size

Question 2

Hyperplasia

Answer 2

Increase in cell number

Question 3

Metaplasia

Answer 3

Change in phenotype of differentiated cells usually by altered differentiation pathway of tissue stem cells

Question 4

Aneurysm in small vessels of brain

Answer 4

Charcot-Bouchard

Question 5

Concentric hypertrophy

Answer 5

• Due to pressure overload (e.g hypertension)
• Sarcomeres added in parallel -> thicker myocyte
• Thickening of wall, but not lumen

Question 6

Eccentric hypertrophy

Answer 6

• Due to volume overload
• Sarcomeres added in series -> longer myocyte
• Dilatation of chamber, wall normal/thin, but “expanded”

Question 7

Dysplasia

Answer 7

Abnormality in cell growth

• Disordered
• Usually proliferation of precancerous cells
• Usually from hyperplasia or metaplasia
• Reversiblie w/alleviation of stress factor (in theory)