3 Breast + Axillae Abnormal Findings Flashcards
Benign Breast Disease aka
FibrocysticBreast Disease
Benign/Fibrocystic Breast Disease
- most common bening problem
- caused by fibrosis or thickening of normal breast tissue
- no direct link w incidence of cancer
Benign/Fibrocystic Breast Disease
[age]
- women in their 20’s
- after menopause, symptoms usually disappear bc of lack of estrogen
Benign/Fibrocystic Breast Disease
subjective findings
- breast pain/tender that begins before onset of menses
- resolution of pain at end of menses
Benign/Fibrocystic Breast Disease
objective findings
- soft breast lumps: movable + bilateral
- nipple discharge (no blood)
- cysts [usually in upper outer quad]
fibroadenoma
benign tumor in glandular tissue of breasts
- linked to breast hypertrophy
- no relationship w malignant neoplasms
fibroadenoma
[age]
- most common in adolescent girls
- —growth spurt during puberty
- women ages 15-35
fibroadenoma
subjective findings
- usually asymptomatic
- often discovered thru BSE
fibroadenoma
objective findings
- presence of well defined firm round tumors (1-5cm)
- –can move freely
- may involve single tumor near nipple or upper outer quad
Intraductal Papilloma
tiny growths of epithelial cells that project into lumen of lactiferous ducts
- most common cause of nipple discharge
- ANY AGE
Intraductal Papilloma
subjective finding
- breast enlargement
- breast pain
Intraductal Papilloma
objective findings
- one or more lumps
- nipple discharge: bc growths are fragile, minor trauma can cause blood/serum to discharge
Mammary Duct Ectasia
inflammation of lactiferous ducts
- cellular debris + fluid collect in involved ducts
- -becomes enlarged + form palpable painful mass
- NOT assoc w cancer + resolves on its own
Mammary Duct Ectasia
subjective finding
- thick, sticky nipple discharge
- nipple retraction
Mammary Duct Ectasia
objective findings
- asymptomatic often
- breast tenderness/inflammation of clogged duct
Carcinoma
subjective finding
- perceived change in breast size, shape
- flattening of a quadrant
- nipple + breast pain/tender
Carcinoma
objective findings
- lump/thickening of local area
- dimpling on skin over tumor
- retraction
- deviation of breast or nipple
- nipple retraction
- edema> peau d’orange
- discharge [bloody or clear]
positive diagnosis of cancer is made by…
histological examination following an open/closed needle biopsy
gynecomastia
- at onset of puberty, more than 30% of males have enlargement in one or both breasts due to hormonal changes
- occurs in males over 50 bc of pituitary or testicular tumors
- estrogenic medication for prostate cancer
- cirrhosis of liver
- adrenal + thyroid disease
gynecomastia
subjective
perceived swelling + incr in size
-pain/tender breast
gynecomastia
objective
- swelling of breast
- usually secondary to hyperthryroidism so s/s of hyperthyroid
less than ___% of breast cancer occurs in males
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