3 - Behavior and Animal Welfare

Question 1

includes courtship behaviour, mating behaviour, parturient behaviour, and maternal behaviour

Answer 1

Reproductive Behavior

Question 2

behaviours directed towards seeking and obtaining food and behaviours involved in consuming food.

Answer 2

feeding behaviour

Question 3

relative amounts of time that animals allocate to performing different behaviours within the categories; point of comparison for how animals allocate their time in captive conditions

Answer 3

Time Budget

Question 4

urge to perform a behaviour

Answer 4

Motivation

Question 5

Where does motivation come from?

Answer 5

results from sensory input to the brain

Question 6

capacity of the brain to perceive, process and store information

Answer 6

Cognition

Question 7

influence of emotion on judgment and other cognitive processes such as memory

Answer 7

Cognitive Bias

Question 8

Briefly explain the relationship of emotion and motivation.

Answer 8

Emotion can be the motivation for behaviour in the present. For example, when seeing a predator, the animal will feel fear and be motivated to run away for survival.

Question 9

Briefly explain emotion and cognition.

Answer 9

Cognition is the capacity of the brain to perceive, process and store information. It is likely that emotions influence judgment in animals or create a different expectation about future events, which is more likely to be negative. An animal who had suffered or experienced negative state in the past, may dwell into the negative memories and make more negative judgment on the stimuli.

Question 10

this can inhibit eating, defecation and urination

Answer 10

stress response

Question 11

Some behaviours are directed towards specific substrates. If the substrate is not present in the animal’s environment, the behaviour may not occur at all, or his/her motivation may be so strong that the animal will redirect the behaviour towards whatever other substrate they can find that suffices

Answer 11

availability of substrate

Question 12

when an animal is debilitated by disease, or feels unwell, the resulting feelings of weakness, pain, etc. may inhibit the performance of behaviours that might otherwise be important to the animal

Answer 12

Disease

Question 13

What happens when an animal cannot perform an important behavior?

Answer 13

An important behavior has a strong motivation. If the animal is restricted to do so, it becomes frustrated and may cope through substitute or abnormal behaviours. When a certain motivation is not performed, animals may develop behaviours that not typically seen under natural conditions.

Question 14

repetitive behaviors that are relatively constant in form and serve no obvious purpose in the context in which they are performed

Answer 14

Stereotypies

Question 15

It is the behaviour that is not abnormal in themselves, but directed towards an abnormal substrate.

Answer 15

Redirected behaviour

Question 16

scientific study of animal behaviour in the wild

Answer 16

etiology

Question 17

linked to the urge to perform a behaviour

Answer 17

emotions

Question 18

modify how animals process sensory input

Answer 18

emotions

Question 19

Factors that affect the motivation and therefore expression of a behaviour

Answer 19

1. stress response
2. availability of substrate
3. disease

Question 20

Examples of homeostasis

Answer 20

1. pH
2. blood pressure
3. thermoregulation
4. blood glucose
5. equilibrium of acids and bases

Question 21

a normal behaviour of hens important for them to perform when they are getting ready to lay

Answer 21

nesting behaviour

Question 22

when an animal’s environment prevent them from performing a behavior that is highly motivated, their behavior may suggest

Answer 22

frustation

Question 23

repetitive behaviours that are relatively constant in form and serve no obvious purpose in the context in which they are performed

Answer 23

stereotypies

Question 24

behaviours that are not abnormal in themselves, but that are directed towards an abnormal substrate

Answer 24

redirected behaviors