3 and 4 Flashcards
Remote sensing in Archeology
remote sensing uses satellite and ariel images to record the location of archeological sites in relation to the surrounding terrain(photos)(resolution)
Subsurface mapping
It involves the use of ground geophysical survey techniques that map out archeological sites without excavation
resolution
It is the size of the pixel
Analog images
These are represented by a continuous variable of physical photographic film -
the human optical systems are analog systems
Digital Image
Digital image is a representation of a real images as a set of numbers that can be handled by a digital cameras
Remote sensing sources
-airplane/drone(show outline of buildings)(not good in jungle)
-Satellites
(both analogue techniques)
Crop Marks
Are mark in the crop that can tell us where artifacts or previous human activity was. Where there are pit grass grows better and where their is stone there is bad crop growth. The grass grows better in pit because of better soil turnover
Visible Light detectors
Visible Light detectors employ optical systems that record other parts of electromagnetic spectrum(ems)
-Ultraviolet (LIDAR)
-Near infrared(NR)
-Radar waves
LIDAR
Light Detection and Ranging uses 3D lasers scanning from the gorund site, drone, or airplane to produce maps(Ca see taris)
Satilites
They record about the earths surface in other photographic form or in digital form
-1995, Clinton declassified CORONA Satellites photos from the cold world
-Landsat altitude:705km
-Area perimeter:185kmx170km
Infrared Images
Infrared Images shows street plans of an ancient city of Taris, Capital of Egypt that was lost 1073-664BC
(it is temperature dependent and mud brick have certain internal temp.)
Multispectral digital sensor
This records the intensity of reflected energy fromt he earths surface and is electronically converted this data to make mapps
Landsat
It is a satailties systems used to discover the lost city of Ubar that disappeared in 300AD
What are satellites images also good for
They are good for crowdsourcing to find new site and they also monitor old site to see if looting pit occurred after the arab spring
Thermal images
Thermal image track heat in a partiuclasr area to find artifacts but moistures and disturbance make a difference
Areil Technolgy
-Dont work with LIDAR alot
With remote sensing with use mutiple
With remote sensing with use mutipln methods at the same
-time of day
-time of the year
-lightning conditions
-weather conditions
-different spectral bands
Subsurface Mapping helps to trakc what
-physical properties of the soil
-temp.
-magnetism of the soil
=moisture
-vegetation
-chemical makeup/compostiion
-
Two type of geophysicla methos
-Active: Artifically generating a signals that are translated into the ground
-Passive: Measure natural properties of the earth
4 subsurface mapping techniques
-Sonar
-Ground penetrating radar
-Electrical resistivity
-Magnetic field ground survey*Magnetometry)
sonar
It is an active techniques
-An acoustical techniques that bounces sound waves off the distant object and maps the resulting sound that are reflected
Ground Penetrating Radar
It is an active techniques(less time/money)
-Energy passes through the soil and measure the resulting response
-radar pluses are sent out and their retire speed and the type of distortion they undergo are measured and used to model undergrounds feature
-Also gets depth
-Upper triangle are wall on this
Remote sensing
Remote sensing in archaeology involves the use of satellite and aerial imaging to record the location of
archaeological sites in relation to surrounding terrain
Subsurface mapping
Subsurface mapping in archaeology involves the use of on-the-ground geophysical survey techniques to map
out archaeological remains without excavation
involves the use of
geophysical techniques for mapping possible archaeological
remains without excavation
physical property of the soil or earth (e.g.,
magnetism, temperature, moisture, vegetation, chemical
concentrations) can be used to look for archaeological remains.
