3. Abdomen Flashcards
what is the SID for abdomen views
110cm
what is the kV used for abdomen views
70-80kV
what is the mAs for abdomen views
32mAs
are grids used for abdomen views
yes
what is the breathing technique used for abdomen views
expose at the end of expiration
what is the patient positioning for AP supine abdomen
in terms of patient body, limbs, table midline centering and rotation
supine
arms at sides, legs extended
MSP centered to table midline
no pelvis rotation
what way does the patient lie if abdomen view is taken AP and PA
AP = supine
PA = prone
what is the CP for AP abdomen view
perpendicular to the level of the iliac crest at the midline
what is the image critique for AP supine abdomen in terms of position
in terms of what 2 things shows no rotation
no rotation = ASIS equidistant from table, iliac wing and outer rib margin symmetrical
what is the image critique for AP supine abdomen in terms of area of interest
in terms of the organs, muscle and bone that should be included
kidney, spleen and lower liver margin
psoas muscles
air filled stomach and bowel segments
symphysis pubis
what shows optimal exposure in the AP supine abdomen
3 things
optimal density and brightness and contrast = psoas lumbar transverse processes visualised
air fluid levels seen
what is the patient positioning for a AP erect abdomen
in terms of centering the IR
MSP centre of IR
IR center 5cm above the iliac crest
what is the CP for erect AP abdomen
horizontal ray
perpendicular to the midline at the lower costal margin
5cm above the iliac crest just above xiphisternum level
for an erect AP abdomen how long should they stand erect for
5min minimum
5-10mins
what is the image critique for the erect AP abdomen in terms of positioning
in terms of what shows no rotation
no rotation = iliac wing and outer lower rib margin symmetrical
what is the image critique for the erect AP abdomen in terms of area of interest
3 things
air filled stomach and bowels
diaphragm
what shows optimal exposure in the AP supine abdomen
3 things
optimal density and brightness and contrast = psoas lumbar transverse processes visualised
air fluid levels seen
what is the patient positioning for a lateral decubitus abdomen
in terms of the IR, body rotation and limbs
back against IR
no hip or shoulder rotation
arms above head, knees flexed
what is the CP for lateral decubitus abdomen
perpendicular to 5cm above the iliac crest
horizontal beam
what side should the patient lie on for a lateral decubitus abdomen and how long for
left side down
5-10mins
is the lateral decubitus abdomen AP or PA
AP
what is the image critique for the lateral decubitus abdomen in terms of positioning
in terms of what shows no rotation and spine
no rotation = iliac wings and diaphragm symmetrical
spine straight
what is the image critique for the lateral decubitus abdomen in terms of area of interest
4 things
diaphragm
both sides of the body
air filled stomach and bowel
what shows good exposure for the lateral decubitus
in terms of what 2 things need to be seen and what shows optimum density and contrast
soft tissues and intraperitoneal air seen
density and contrast optimum to see lumbar spine
what is the patient positioning for the dorsal decubitus abdomen
in terms of the arms and patient body position and position relative to IR
arms above head
supine
side against IR
wat is the dorsal decubitus in terms of what type of image it is
lateral
what is the image critique for the dorsal decubitus abdomen in terms of positioning
what shows no rotation
what 2 things need to be seen
no rotation = iliac wing and diaphragm symmetry
intervertebral joint space and vertebral bodies visible
what is the image critique for the dorsal decubitus abdomen in terms of area of interest
1 thing
diaphragm
what shows good exposure for the dorsal decubitus
in terms of what 2 things need to be seen and what shows optimum density and contrast
soft tissues and intraperitoneal air seen
density and contrast optimum to see lumbar spine
what is the patient positioning for a right lateral abdomen view
in terms of what side the patient lies on, what needs to be flexed, where the arms should be and what can help maintain the lateral position
patient lying on right side
elbows, knees and hips flexed
arms up
pillow between knees to maintain lateral position
what is the CP for a right lateral abdomen view
perpendicular to the iliac crest
what is the image critique for the right lateral abdomen in terms of area of interest
3 things
air filled stomach and bowels
diaphragm
what is the image critique for the dorsal decubitus abdomen in terms of positioning
in terms of the 3 things that show there is no rotation
no rotation
- posterior ribs superimposed
- iliac wing superimposed
- ASIS superimposed
what shows good exposure for the right lateral abdomen
in terms of what 3 things that should be seen to show optimal density/brightness and contrast
optimal density/brightness and contrast = psoas, lumbar transverse process visualised
air fluid level seen
what are the 5 views for the abdomen
Erect AP
Supine AP
lateral decubitus (AP)
dorsal decubitus (lateral)
right lateral
