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BIO-1010 > 3-3 BIO-1010 Study Guide > Flashcards

3-3 BIO-1010 Study Guide Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the function of each of these structures in the male reproductive system? Testes

A

Testes produce sperm and testosterone.

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2
Q

Seminiferous tubules

A

Seminiferous tubules are where sperm are produced within the testes.

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3
Q

Epididymis

A

Epididymis stores sperm until they mature and are ready for ejaculation.

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4
Q

Vas deferens

A

Vas deferens transports mature sperm to the urethra for ejaculation.

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5
Q

Accessory glands

A

Accessory glands (such as seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands) produce seminal fluid to nourish and protect sperm.

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6
Q

Urethra

A

Urethra carries urine and semen out of the body through the penis.

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7
Q

Penis

A

Penis delivers sperm into the female reproductive tract during intercourse.

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8
Q

What is the function of each of these structures in the female reproductive system? Ovary

A

Ovaries produce eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

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9
Q

Ovarian follicle

A

Ovarian follicle contains and nurtures the developing egg in the ovary.

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10
Q

Corpus luteum

A

Corpus luteum releases hormones (mainly progesterone) to support early pregnancy if fertilization occurs.

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11
Q

Oviduct (fallopian tube)

A

Oviduct is where the egg travels from the ovary to the uterus and where fertilization typically occurs.

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12
Q

Uterus

A

Uterus is where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus.

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13
Q

Vagina

A

Vagina serves as the birth canal and receives the penis during intercourse.

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14
Q

What does each of these hormones do in the male reproductive system? FSH

A

FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes.

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15
Q

LH

A

LH stimulates testosterone production in the testes.

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16
Q

Testosterone

A

Testosterone is responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics and sperm production.

17
Q

What does each of these hormones do in the female reproductive system? FSH

A

FSH stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in the ovaries.

18
Q

LH

A

LH triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum.

19
Q

Estrogen

A

Estrogen helps develop the female secondary sexual characteristics and regulates the menstrual cycle.

20
Q

Progesterone

A

Progesterone prepares the uterus for pregnancy and supports early pregnancy.

21
Q

What does “ovulation” mean, and where does it occur?

A

Ovulation is the release of an egg from the ovary, typically occurring midway through the menstrual cycle.

22
Q

What is the endometrium, and why is it important in the uterine cycle?

A

The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus that thickens to support a potential pregnancy.

23
Q

What is HCG, and what does it tell us?

A

HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is a hormone produced during pregnancy; it indicates that implantation has occurred.

24
Q

What are the pros and cons of using each of these as a method of contraception? Male condom

A

Pros: Easy availability, STD prevention; Cons: Possible breakage.

25
Q

Vasectomy

A

Pros: Permanent and highly effective; Cons: Often irreversible.

26
Q

Combination pill

A

Pros: High effectiveness, menstrual regulation; Cons: Daily use, hormonal side effects.

27
Q

IUD

A

Pros: Long-term effectiveness, low maintenance; Cons: Potential discomfort, initial cost.

28
Q

How do each of these forms of contraception work? Male condom

A

Provides a physical barrier to prevent sperm from reaching the egg.

29
Q

Vasectomy

A

Involves cutting or sealing the vas deferens, blocking sperm from entering the semen.

30
Q

Combination pill

A

Prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to block sperm.

31
Q

IUD

A

Prevents fertilization by creating an inhospitable environment in the uterus.

32
Q

On average, how often does a pregnancy occur when these forms of contraception are used? Male condom

A

Approximately 13% with typical use.

33
Q

Vasectomy

A

Less than 1% chance.

34
Q

Combination pill

A

About 7% with typical use.

35
Q

IUD

A

Less than 1% chance.

36
Q

Name three common sexually transmitted diseases treatable with antibiotics.

A

Chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis.

37
Q

What is the best approach to preventing cervical cancer caused by human papilloma virus (HPV)?

A

Vaccination with the HPV vaccine.

BIO-1010 (15 decks)

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