2Y: Solutions and formation of crystals Flashcards
What is a solvent?
A solvent is a substance that dissolves other materials. Eg Water.
What is a solute?
The substance that dissolves in the solvent. Eg Sugar.
What is a solution?
The mixture of solute and solvent is called a solution. Eg Tea is mixture of sugar and water.
Fill in the blanks:
A substance that dissolves in a solvent is considered to be ________.
A substance that does not dissolve in a solvent is considered to be _______.
A substance that dissolves in a solvent is considered to be soluble. Eg Sugar or salt is soluble in water.
A substance that does not dissolve in a solvent is considered to be insoluble. Eg Sand is insoluble in water.
What is a suspension?
A mixture of a solid and a liquid, where the solid does not dissolve properly in the liquid.
What is a dilute solution?
A dilute solution is one in which there is a small amount of solute in a large amount of solvent.
What is a concentrated solution?
A concentrated solution is one in which there is a large amount of solute in a small amount of solvent.
What is a crystal?
A crystal is a solid with a regular shape. The particles inside the crystal are arranged in a regular pattern
What is a saturated solution?
A saturated solution is one that contains as much dissolved solute as possible at a given temperature.
What is the solubility of a substance?
The solubility of a substance is the mass of it (in grams) that will dissolve in 100 grams of solvent at a fixed temperature
What is an unsaturated solution?
An unsaturated solution has not dissolved the maximum amount of solute at a given temperature.
Whats is a solubility curve?
A solubility curve is a graph showing how the solubility of a substance varies with temperature.
What is Crystallisation?
Crystallisation is the formation of crystals when a hot saturated solution is cooled.
What is the law of conservation of mass?
The law of conservation of mass states that when a chemical reaction occurs, the total mass of the reactants is always equal to the total mass of the products.
