2nd semester procedures femur and pelvic girdle Flashcards
what is the angle of the proximal femur ?
125 degrees with a 15 degree variance
what is the angle of the proximal femur in a person with long legs and a Narrow pelvis?
140 degrees
what is the angle of the proximal femur in a person with short legs and a wide pelvis?
110-115 degrees
for an average adult in anatomic position the longitudinal plane of the femur is about how many degrees from vertical?
10
when rotating the legs or feet internally to place the femoral neck parallel to the IR and the proximal femur into a true AP position how many degrees of rotation is needed?
15-20
what is at the base of the trunk that connects the vertebral column in the lower limbs?
the pelvis
what are the four bones in the pelvis?
to hip bones the sacrum and coccyx
what makes up the pelvic girdle?
The two hip bones
Each hip bone is composed of what three parts?
Ilium
ischium
pubis
where do the three parts of the hip bone fuse?
in the area of the Acetabulum
can you locate the following parts on the pelvis?
body ala crest ASIS PSIS AIIS PIIS acetabulum
describe a male pelvis:
narrow
less than 90 degree acute angle at pubic arch
oval heart shape inlet
describe the female pelvis:
wide shallow flared greater than 90 degree angle at pubic arch round large
describe the ilium:
each has an ala and a body and the body includes the superior 2/5 of the acetabulum
crest extends from _____ to _______.
ASIS PSIS
what are two important landmarks of the pelvis
iliac crest and ASIS
what are the four essential parts of the proximal femur?
head
neck
greater troch
lesser troch
describe the ischium:
inferior and posterior to the Acetabulum Each ischium is divided into a body and a ramus. the upper part of the body makes up the bottom of the acetabulum
what is the bony projection posterior to the Acetabulum
ischial spine
what is the round rough area one and a half to 2 inches below the symphysis
ischial tuberosity
what is the lower part of the ischium body called?
superior ramus
where is the greater sciatic notch?
above ischial spine . it is the larger Notch
where is the lesser sciatic notch
below ischial spine. the smaller notch
The two of these meet to form symphysis pubis joint
superior ramus
what is the opening formed by the ramus and body of each ischium and the pubis
obturator foremen
The two of these meet to form symphysis pubis joint
superior ramus
what is the opening formed by the ramus and body of each ischium and the pubis
obturator foremen
the greater ( false) pelvis is the ______ portion (wings) of the ilia
flared
lesser ( true) pelvis forms the actual ______ _______.
birth canal
the two ischial tuberosities and the tip of the coccyx form the ______
outlet ( inferior aperture)
between the inlet and outlet is the _____
cavity
how many inches below Asis is symphysis pubis?
3-4 inches
describe how to find femoral neck
1 to 2 inches medial and 3 to 4 inches distal to Asis
what determines correct leg or foot position
lesser trochanter
what is a typical sign of femoral neck fracture?
external rotation of the involved foot …lesser trochanter is clearly seen in profile
causes bamboo spine and fusion of sacroiliac joints as well as calcification of the anterior ligament of the spine
ankylosing spondylitis
caused by a sudden forceful contraction of the tendinous and muscular attachments. The muscle forcefully slides over the tuberosities . Extreme pain
avulsion fx of pelvis
Aseptic or ischemic necrosis . Lesions often in one hip in the head or neck of the femur . affects boys five or 10 years old the first symptom is a limp and they will have a flattened femoral head
leg-calve-perthes disease
severe blow or trauma to one side of the pelvis can cause a fracture on the opposite side or a site away from the trauma. The entire pelvis should be examined via an Inlet View.
pelvic ring fracture
occurs during rapid growth. Ages 10 to 16 years. slipped epiphysis
slipped capital femoral epiphysis. SCFE
