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Rad tech subjects > physics final > Flashcards

physics final Flashcards

1
Q

binding energies are measured in …….

binding energy is…

A

electron volts.

The energy it takes to remove an electron from its shell

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2
Q

The atomic number, or Z # and the number of _________is the same.

A

protons

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3
Q

what is the binding energy of a tungsten K shell electron?

A

69.5

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4
Q

what type of current does the x-ray TUBE use?

A

DC

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5
Q

A step up transformer converts volts to_______

A

kilovolts

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6
Q

diode rectifiers in an x-ray circuit convert _________current to _______current.

A

AC to dc

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7
Q

where are x-rays produced?

A

at the actual focal spot

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8
Q

when high-speed electrons from the filament in the tube crossto the anode what type of radiation is being created?

A

primary

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9
Q

what are the two types of primary radiation?

A

Brems and characteristic

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10
Q

The majority of the emission spectrum is made up of what type of radiation?

A

brems

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11
Q

The tube housing and glass window of the x-ray to our considered ________ _________.

A

inherent filtration

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12
Q

The reflective mirror in the x-ray tube is considered ________ filtration

A

added

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13
Q

what two types of Filtration = total filtration?

A

inherent, added

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14
Q

what is the line focus principal used for?

A

to dissipate heat and increase detail

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15
Q

when the target is angled less than 45° which focal spot is smaller?

A

effective.

The actual focal spot is larger

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16
Q

the Octet rule states:

A

The outermost shell of an Atom never exceeds 8 electrons

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17
Q

The periodic table is based upon ______ ______.

A

atomic number

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18
Q

photon wavelength is inversely or directly proportional to photon frequency?

A

inversely

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19
Q

what are the two theories that x-rays might be described as

A

wave theory and particle theory

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20
Q

electromagnetic radiation has properties of

A

waves and particles

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21
Q

in wave theory, Frequency and wavelength are _______proportional

A

inversely

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22
Q

what particles distinguish one element from another?

A

protons

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23
Q

what is the wave equation?

A

V= F X W

Velocity equals frequency times wavelength

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24
Q

what are three properties of x-rays?

A

they can ionize matter, cannot be focused, cause florescence of certain crystals

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25
Q

Electric potential difference is measured in ________

A

volts

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26
Q

the mA is a unit of ______

A

current

27
Q

mass is the quantity of _____

A

matter

28
Q

is binding energy increased or decreased as it gets closer to the nucleus?

A

increased

29
Q

what is the smallest particle of an element?

A

atom

30
Q

two or more atoms chemically united equal _____

A

a molecule

31
Q

in simple terms describe theory of relativity

A

matter and energy are interchangeable

32
Q

protons and neutrons are composed of even smaller structures called ________

A

quarks

33
Q

if an atom gains or loses neutrons it is called an_____

A

isotope

34
Q

what are the two types of mechanical energy

A

potential and kinetic

35
Q

x-rays are a form of man-made electromagnetic energy that is created in the tube when high-speed electrons electronics are ______ _______

A

suddenly stopped

36
Q

for electromagnetic radiation to be capable of ionization they must have an energy higher than

A

10 electron volts

37
Q

electromagnetic radiation can transfer energy to an atom by…

A

excitation

38
Q

describe excitation

A

electrons in and Atom are moved to a higher energy state without actually being removed from the Atom

39
Q

in what way are electromagnetic waves unique?

A

no medium is needed they travel in a vacuum

40
Q

the INTENSITY of the wave is defined by its maximum height measured in…._______

A

Amps (amplitude)

41
Q

who invented the motor?

A

orsted

42
Q

what are the 5 laws of electrostatics?

A

repulsion-attraction

inverse square law

distribution

concentration

movement

43
Q

objects can be electrified by 3 methods:

A

friction

contact

induction

44
Q

what type of current do transformers use?

A

AC

45
Q

the QUANTITY of electrons flowing is called the ______

A

current

46
Q

current is measured in _____

A

amps

47
Q

what is the unit to measure resistance?

A

Ohms

48
Q

what are the 4 primary factors for electrical circuits?

A

ability to conduct electrons
length of the conductor

cross sectional diameter

temperature

49
Q

ohms law

A

resistance ( ohms) X current (amps) (I) = potential difference (volts).

50
Q

Who discovered that an electric current flowing through a wire could affect a Compass

A

oersted

51
Q

faradays experiment proved that a current could be induced by a magnetic field only :

A

if the field is changing

52
Q

A magnet created by a coil of wire is called a

A

solenoid

53
Q

The magnitude of an induced current depends on what three things?

A

angle of the conductor, number of turns in the conductor, velocity of the magnetic field as it moves past the conductor

54
Q

true or false:

transformer converts electrical potential to higher or lower intensity

A

true

55
Q

magnetic lines of force are also referred to as _____ ____

A

flux lines

56
Q

and AC generator produces current that is mathematically expressed as a ______wave.

A

sinusoidal

57
Q

what type of motor uses slip rings?

A

AC

58
Q

List three ways to create current in a circuit

A

move the wire, move the conductor, Vary the flux lines

59
Q

what three factors control how effective solenoids and electromagnets are

A

diameter of the coil, length of the coil, current passing along the coil

60
Q

what three things determine the strength of solenoids and electromagnets?

A

Number of loops or turns of the wire, the current strengths, permeability of the core

61
Q

what four factors regulate the strength of induced current

A

strengths of the magnetic field
speed of the motion between lines of force and the conductor
angle between the magnetic lines of force and the conductor
and the number of turns in the coil

62
Q

what law supports self induction

A

lenzs law

63
Q

A device capable of accumulating and storing the electrical charge

A

capacitors

Rad tech subjects (16 decks)

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