2B Hormone Control Of Reproduction

Question 1

What hormone is released to begin puberty?

Answer 1

Released hormone.

Question 2

Name the organ which releases this hormone.

Answer 2

Hypothalamus

Question 3

What does this hormone stimulate?

Answer 3

The pituitary gland to release FSH and ICSH in males and FSH and LH in females.

Question 4

What does FSH in males stimulate?

Answer 4

Sperm production in the seminiferous tubules and activate the prostate gland and seminal vesicles.

Question 5

What does ICSH stimulate in males?

Answer 5

The interstitial cells to produce testosterone.

Question 6

What do high levels of testosterone cause?

Answer 6

• The inhibition of the pituitary gland which prevents the release of FSH and ICSH.
• This is negative feedback and brings the testosterone levels back to set point.
• Sperm production decreases until a low level is detected. At that point, the pituitary gland behind to release FSH and ICSH again.

Question 7

How long does an average menstrual cycle take?

Answer 7

28 days.

Question 8

What day is regarded as the first day of the mes trial cycle?

Answer 8

Day one. This is the first day of a girl’s period.

Question 9

What is the function of FSH in females?

Answer 9

Stimulates the development of the follicle and production of oestrogen by the follicle and ovarian tissue.

Question 10

What is the function of oestrogen?

Answer 10

Stimulates the proliferation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation and affects the consistency of cervical mucus making it more easily penetrated by sperm.

Question 11

What do peak levels of oestrogen stimulate?

Answer 11

A surge in secretion of LH

Question 12

What does LH stimulate?

Answer 12

Ovulation

Question 13

What day does ovulation typically occur on?

Answer 13

Day 14

Question 14

What is day 1-13 typically typically referred to as?

Answer 14

The follicular phase

Question 15

What is day 15-28 typically referred to as?

Answer 15

The luteal phase

Question 16

After ovulation, what does the follicle develop into?

Answer 16

The corpus luteum

Question 17

What causes the follicle to develop into this structure?

Answer 17

LH

Question 18

Which hormone does the corpus luteum secrete?

Answer 18

Progesterone.

Question 19

What is the function of progesterone?

Answer 19

To thicken the endometrium and cause vascularisation of the endometrium, preparing it to receive a blastocyst if fertilisation occurs.

Question 20

What does high concentrations of progesterone cause?

Answer 20

The inhibition of the pituitary gland from secreting FSH and LH,which prevents further follicles from developing.

Question 21

What does the lack of LH cause?

Answer 21

The degeneration of the corpus luteum with a subsequent drop in progesterone levels leading to menstruation.