1B DNA Structure And Replication Flashcards
How is DNA arranged?
It is tightly coiled and packed with associated proteins.
What does DNA carry?
The genetic code.
In what shape is DNA found?
A double helix
How are the two DNA strands held together?
Hydrogen bonds
The strands run in opposite directions. What is the term used to describe this arrangement?
Antiparallel
What end is the deoxyribose sugar?
The three prime end
3’ end
What end is the phosphate end?
The five prime end
5’ end
What is a nucleotide composed of?
Phosphate, Deoxyribosd and a base
What are the four bases of DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine.
Who does the strong chemical sugar-phosphate backbone form?
From the strong chemical bond forming between the deoxyribose sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next.
Name the base pairs.
Adenine and Thymine
Cytosine and Guanine
Describe the process of replication.
DNA it unwound and unzipped to form two template strands.
DNA polymerase needs a primer to start replication and can only add complementary DNA nucleotides to the deoxyribose (3’) end of the DNA strand.
This results in one strand being replicated continuously and the other strand replicated in fragments which are joined by ligase.
