2b: Changes in the Nature of Professions

Question 1

What are the 6 attributes of a professional?

Answer 1

Authority
Knowledge base
Calling
Reward
Normative Community
Autonomy

Question 2

Critique to the Attribute Approach

Answer 2

Attributes acting more as control - protecting turf as opposed to caring about public well-being

Question 3

What other attributes are marks for professionalism?

Answer 3

training
professions couples with universities
professional exams
ceremonies
code of ethics

Question 4

What is a professional project? Wilensky

Answer 4

When occupations organize and try to raise respect as a profession

Question 5

What are the three profession projects talked about in class?

Answer 5

Librarians, Paramedics and Body artists

Question 6

What 3 types of professions make up the profession continuum?

Answer 6

True Professionals - have all 6 attributes ex. doctor
Semi-professionals - almost there ^ ex. nurse
Para-professionals - supporting/auxiliary to professional group ex. hygienist to dentist

Question 7

What are the 5 changes in the nature of professions?

Answer 7

pressure to make profit
transnational markets
privatization
educated public
emergence of new occupations

Question 8

What is de-professionalization?

Answer 8

Fall in standing - work feels like business; forget the attributes; work because fragmented

Question 9

Explain proletarianization and corporation

Answer 9

business model instead of a calling - losing autonomy over work (bureaucracy - orgs. have expectations from professions)

Question 10

What are the 5 jurisdictional battles covered in class?

Answer 10

Midwives - 70s transition to medicalize birth
Alt medicine - slowly accepted in western medicine
Dentistry and Hygienists - Who is the primary caregiver? Work depending on demand
Notaires and avocats - civil law
Paralegals - same work, less pay