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IOB > 2B > Flashcards

2B Flashcards

1
Q

organelle

A

a cellular structure that performs specific functions

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2
Q

cytosol

A

the aqueous fluid that surrounds the organelles inside a cell

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3
Q

cytoplasm

A

the cytosol and organelles inside the plasma membrane, excluding the nucleus

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4
Q

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

A

a type of nucleic acid that is a key structural component of ribosomes

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5
Q

lumen

A

the space within a cavity which can act as a passage-way

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6
Q

membrane-bound organelle

A

structure within a cell that is enclosed by a phospholipid bilayer

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7
Q

mitochondrion (pl. mitochondria)

A

the primary site of energy production from aerobic cellular respiration

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8
Q

cellular respiration

A

the biochemical process in all living things that converts glucose into ATP. Can be aerobic or anaerobic respiration

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9
Q

matrix

A

the space inside the inner membrane of the mitochondria

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10
Q

crista (pl. cristae)

A

the fold of the inner membrane of the mitochondria

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11
Q

aerobic

A

requiring oxygen

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12
Q

anaerobic

A

requiring no oxygen

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13
Q

chloroplast

A

a double membrane-bound organelle that contains flattened, fluid-filled sacs that are the site of photosynthesis. Chloroplasts also contain their own DNA and ribosomes

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14
Q

algae

A

a large diverse group of photosynthetic protists found in aquatic environments

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15
Q

granum (pl. grana)

A

a stack of thylakoids

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16
Q

thylakoid

A

a flattened sac-like structure inside the chloroplast. Thylakoids stacked upon one another make up a granum

17
Q

stroma

A

the fluid substance that makes up the interior of chloroplasts

18
Q

photosynthesis

A

the process of converting light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen

19
Q

chlorophyll

A

a green pigment found in the thylakoids of chloroplasts. It is responsible for absorbing light energy in photosynthesis

20
Q

endosymbiosis

A

when one organism lives inside another in a mutually beneficial relationship

21
Q

endosymbiosis theory

A

a theory suggesting that chloroplasts and mitochondria were once free-living organisms before being engulfed by a larger cell

IOB (10 decks)

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