2A

Question 1

What 8 qualities do living things need to possess?

Answer 1

Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Equilibrium, Excretion, Nutrition

Question 2

homeostasis

Answer 2

the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment in the body despite changes in the external environment

Question 3

Organism

Answer 3

More than one cell living thing

Question 4

cell theory

Answer 4

All things are made of cells

Question 5

prokaryotes

Answer 5

Single celled organisms with no nucleus and a circular loop of DNA. example Bacteria and archaea are both prokaryotic

Question 6

eukaryotes

Answer 6

Group of single and muti celled organisms with a nucleus and linear strands of DNA. EG, animal, plant, fungi, protists.

Question 7

plasma membrane

Answer 7

Cell membrane
Phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins which separate the inside of the cell from the outside

Question 8

cytosol

Answer 8

Aqueous fluid that surrounds the organelles inside a cell

Question 9

ribosomes

Answer 9

Small RNA-protein structures that are the site of protein synthesis.

Question 10

DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid)

Answer 10

Double-stranded nucleic acid chain made up of nucleotides and Carries instructions for survival

Question 11

membrane-bound organelle

Answer 11

Structures within a cells enclosed by a phospholipid bilayer

Question 12

chromosome

Answer 12

Made of: Protein and nucleic acid
Carries: genetic information

Question 13

nucleus

Answer 13

a double membranebound organelle that protects and confines the genetic information (DNA) of a cell. Inside the nucleus is a smaller structure known as the nucleolus which is the site of ribosome production

Question 14

plasmid

Answer 14

Inside nucleus
Site of ribosome production

Question 15

somatic cell

Answer 15

any cell that is not a reproductive cell (such as sperm and egg cells). Somatic cells are diploid (2n), meaning they contain two sets of chromosomes - one inherited from each parent

Question 16

mitosis

Answer 16

the cell division phase which involves the complete separation of sister chromatids and nuclei

Question 17

germline cells

Answer 17

cells that are involved in the generation of gametes in eukaryotes

Question 18

gametes

Answer 18

reproductive cells that arise from germline cells that contain half the genetic material (n) of a somatic cell. In humans, gametes are sperm and eggs

Question 19

meiosis

Answer 19

a specialised form of cell division used to produce gametes in sexually-reproducing organisms

Question 20

binary fission

Answer 20

the method of cell replication used by prokaryotes

Question 21

micrometres (μm)

Answer 21

unit of measurement where 1 mm = 1 000 μm