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301 CLINICAL IMAGING > 2a. Wrist > Flashcards

2a. Wrist Flashcards

1
Q

where is the trapezium carpal bone

A

under thumb

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2
Q

which of the 3 carpal bones starting with T are proximal and which are distal

A 
distal = trapezium and trapezoid
proximal = triquetrum
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3
Q

in a lateral view what is the orientation of the scaphoid, lunate and capititate

A

captitate is vase most distally
lunate is cup in middle
scaphoid is bean/cup at the most distal

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4
Q

in the lateral view of the wrist the palmar cortex of the pisiform bone should be where in the scaphoid pole

A

in the centre of the distal scaphoid pole

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5
Q

what is the zone of vulnerability

A

area most likely to be injured in the carpal bone area of the wrist

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6
Q

what are the 2 fat pads in the wrist of interest to us

A

pronator quadratus and scaphoid fat stripe

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7
Q

what are the 3 things that the pronator quadratus can appear as apart from normal

A

raised, disrupted and obliterated

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8
Q

how do the fat stripes look in images compared to muscle and bone

A

fat is slightly more translucent than muscle

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9
Q

when bleeding around joint what can happen to the fat stripes

A

can be lifted disrupted or obliterated

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10
Q

what can happen to the scaphoid stripe

A

can be obliterated

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11
Q

what are the carpal arcs

what are they good for

A

proximal and distal rows of carpal bones each of their sets of arcs

good for subtle mal-alignments

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12
Q

and 3 carpal bones can undergo fractures and dislocation

A

scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum

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13
Q

what is the mechanism of scaphoid fractures

A

FOOSH

usually pinched because of falling on it or direct blow

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14
Q

what are the 4 locations for scaphoid fractures

what are the order of common to least common

A

distal, waist, proximal and tubercle

waist>proximal>distal>tubercle

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15
Q

what is the scaphoid blood supply

A

scaphoid has retrograde blood supply to the proximal end

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16
Q

what happens if there is a distal or proximal scaphoid fracture in terms of blood supply

A

distal fracture still got a bit of blood supply

proximal = may be okay

17
Q

what happens if there is a waist scaphoid fracture in terms of blood supply

A

almost certain to lose whole of proximal end

18
Q

what does dead bone look like on xray from avascular necrosis scaphoid fracture

A

brighter area is dead as it is more dense than bone

19
Q

what are the 3 types of lunate injuries

A

lunate dislocation
peri-lunate dislocation
scapho-lunate dissociation

20
Q

what happens in a scapho-lunate dissociation

A

over time gap between lunate and scaphoid gets wider and capitate pushes through

21
Q

what is a perilunate dislocation caused by

A

high energy injury

22
Q

what does a perilunate dislocation look like

A

radius and lunate stay in contact - not dislocated -

capitate and all other carpal bones dislocated usually dorsally

23
Q

what happens to the shape of the lunate carpal bone in a perilunate dislocation

A

shape changes to piece of pizza/pie triangle shape

24
Q

which direction is the capitate and carpal bones most likely to dislocated in a perilunate dislocation

A

dorsally/posteriorly

25
Q

what is the mechanism for a lunate dislocation

A

FOOSH

26
Q

what happens in a lunate dislocation

A

lunate bone dislocated but rest of carpal bones remain in line

27
Q

which direction does the lunate dislocate in normally for a lunate dislocation

A

anteriorly

28
Q

what kind of fractures are lunate dislocations associated with

A

scaphoid or triquetrum #

29
Q

what can happen in a lunate dislocation in terms of blood supply

A

blood supply compromised so lunate suffers avascular necrosis

30
Q

what is a triquetral fracture seen as in a xray

A

usually seen as a little fragment on dorsal of wrist

dont show up well on PA view

31
Q

what are the 2 types of the distal radius and ulna fracture

A

colles and smith #

32
Q

what does a colles fracture usually involve in terms of # and what kind of a fracture is it

A

impacted non-intraarticular # and posteriorly angulated

ulnar styloid involved

33
Q

what is the colles radial angle

A

line from top to bottom on the radius that forms 15* angle from perp line but in the colles fracture the angle is less than 15* and angle goes in opposite way

34
Q

what is a smiths fracture in terms of displacement

A

volar displacement and/or angulation

301 CLINICAL IMAGING (10 decks)

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