1b. Hand Fracture Types

Question 1

what are the 5 types of common hand/finger injuries/fractures

Answer 1

crush #
mallet finger
volar plate injury
boutonniere deformity
boxer's #

Question 2

what are the 3 types of common thumb injuries/fractures

Answer 2

skiers thumb
bennett
rolando

Question 3

what is a crush fracture caused by

Answer 3

closing finger in door/heavy object crushes finger

high impact injuries/heavy object

Question 4

what does a crush fracture look like

what does the fracture line look like and # of fragments

Answer 4

comminuted and longitudinal fractures

Question 5

what is the most common place to get a crush fracture on the hand/finger

Answer 5

distal phalanx

Question 6

what is a mallet finger

Answer 6

finger in fixed flexion position and unable to extend DIP joint (cant extend finger)

Question 7

what is the mallet finger caused by

Answer 7

disruption of the extensor tendon resulting in flexion force directed to an extended finger

Question 8

what is an associated injury/# with the mallet finger

Answer 8

avulsion of epiphysis at insertion of the extensor tendon

Question 9

what is a volar plate - what does it form

Answer 9

forms floor of PIP joint

Question 10

what is a volar plate injury caused by

Answer 10

hyperextension

Question 11

where is the volar plate’s origin and insertion

Answer 11

origin = proximal phalanx
insertion = middle phalanx

Question 12

what injury/# is associated with a volar plate injury

Answer 12

avulsion

Question 13

what joint is most vulnerable to volar plate injury in the finger

Answer 13

PIPJ

Question 14

what is a boutonniere deformity

Answer 14

PIPJ is in permanent flexion

Question 15

what is a boutonniere deformity caused by

Answer 15

direct blow to flexed finger/injury to central slip tendon

Question 16

what is a boxers fracture

Answer 16

of metacarpal neck with volar angulation of distal fragment

Question 17

what causes a boxers fracture

Answer 17

punch with closed fist

Question 18

what bones are involved in a boxers fracture

Answer 18

5th or 4th metacaptals

Question 19

what is a skiers thumb injury - what does it look like

Answer 19

hyperabduction of the thumb

Question 20

what causes a skiers thumb injury

Answer 20

partial or complete rupture of ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb’s MCP

Question 21

what injury/# is associated with a a skiers thumb injury

Answer 21

proximal phalanx ulna collateral ligament avulsion #

Question 22

what is a bennett fracture - how many parts are there to the injury and what are they

Answer 22

2 parts

base of 1st metacarpal
subluxation dorsally of 1st metacarpal shaft

Question 23

what causes a bennett fracture

Answer 23

forced abduction of 1st metacarpal

Question 24

what are dislocations caused by

Answer 24

hyperextension injury

Question 25

what joints in the hind/finger are dislocations most common in

Answer 25

PIPJ

Question 26

what kind of dislocation is common (what direction)

Answer 26

dorsal dislocation