2A- Hard and soft tissues radiographs

Question 1

What is another word for a shadow picture?

Answer 1

Skiagram

Question 2

What is the source of X-rays?

Answer 2

an x ray tube, electrons hit a target of tungsten

Question 3

What metal do the electrons hit?

Answer 3

Tungsten

Question 4

When a high voltage is applied, what does it fo?

Answer 4

Produces x-rays photons (packets of energy)

Question 5

What are the 2 types of receptors for x-ray imaging?

Answer 5

1. Film (analogue)

2. Digital detector

Question 6

What is the key to imaging?

Answer 6

Differential absorption of x-rays in different tissues

Question 7

What 3 things determine how many x-rays can be absorbed by a material?

Answer 7

1. Atomic number
2. Density
3. Thickness

Question 8

What is radiolucency?

Answer 8

Most of the x-rays pass through the structure and hit the receptor (dark image)

Question 9

What is radiopaque?

Answer 9

Most x-rays are absorbed by the structure, less hit the receptor (light image)

Question 10

What is the socket of the tooth called?

Answer 10

Lamina Dura

Question 11

What is hypercementosis?

Answer 11

Excessive build up of cementum on the roots of the tooth

Question 12

What can you use to differentiate between soft tissues?

Answer 12

a ct scan

Question 13

What is CT scanning?

Answer 13

Computed tomography, uses higher energy x-rays with more sensitive detectors

Question 14

Does fat absorb more or fewer x-rays than soft tissues?

Answer 14

Fat absorbs fewer x-rays

Question 15

Name the 2 types of intra-oral radiographs and their uses

Answer 15

1. Bitewing radiographs - For caries diagnosis, and showing periodontal bone
2. Periapical radiographs - For periapical diagnosis

Question 16

Name the 3 types of extra-oral radiographs and their uses?

Answer 16

1. Panoramic Radiography- shows developing dentition and large abnormalities.
2. Cephalometric Radiography - primarily orthodontic planning
3. Cone Beam Computed Technology - Simple form of CT scan

Question 17

What errors can panoramic radiographs lead to?

Answer 17

Very sensitive to mistakes, leads to an inncorrect horizontal magnification

Question 18

What are the main uses of panoramic radiographs?

Answer 18

• To check for large abnormalities

- Identifying the presence and position of developing dentition

Question 19

What are the initial signs of the tooth?

Answer 19

A radiolucent cyst

Question 20

What do you call extremely radiopaque bone?

Answer 20

Osteopetrosis

Question 21

What do you call vary radiolucent bone?

Answer 21

Hyperparathyroidism

Question 22

What is dental caries?

Answer 22

The demineralisation of enamel and dentine

Question 23

Where does calcification appear?

Answer 23

At the tip of cusps or incisal edges

Question 24

What is hyperdontia?

Answer 24

Extra teeth

Question 25

What is hypodontia?

Answer 25

Missing teeth

Question 26

What 3 things can be done to ensure radiation protection?

Answer 26

1. Justification - only use radiology if it will help
2. Radiation does limitation
3. Quality Assurance, no repeat

Question 27

How far should you stand from the patient when taking x-rays?

Answer 27

1.5 metres