2.9

Question 1

nucleus

Answer 1

-defining characteristic of euk cells
-seperates genomic material

Question 2

where do transcription and translation take place

Answer 2

transcription is in nucleus, and translation is in cytoplasm, proteins for DNA replication and transciption must be located to nucleus

Question 3

mitochondria

Answer 3

universal amonst euk
energy center of cell
-respiration, ATP production
contains own genomes

Question 4

what did mitochondria evolve from

Answer 4

alphaproteobacteria

Question 5

Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 5

-modifying and sorting proteins to be secreted or translocated
-where glycosylation happens
-package proteins and molecules into vesicles

Question 6

gylcosylation

Answer 6

sugars (glycans) added to proteins

Question 7

Cytoskeleton

Answer 7

dynamic protein filament network involved in cell shape, transport within cell, and cell movement

Question 8

vacuoles

Answer 8

membrane bound compartments for storing nutrients and waste

Question 9

lysosomes

Answer 9

specialized vacuoles that contain enzymes to break down nutrients

Question 10

Chloroplast

Answer 10

phototrocphs, contain photosynthesis machinery

Question 11

vesicles

Answer 11

membrane bound compartments used to traffic mats around cell, or in and out of cell

Question 12

cell wall

Answer 12

some euks have one (plants and fungi)
not animals

Question 13

Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared to ecoli

Answer 13

20x larger than E coli, and has internal compartmentalization

Question 14

LECA

Answer 14

last common eukaryote common ancestor
shares cytoskele, nucleus, mitochon

Question 15

how many supergroups are microbial euks present in

Answer 15

all 5 supergroups of eukarya

Question 16

primary endosymbiosis vs secondary endosymbiosis

Answer 16

primary produces chloroplast with double membrane
secondary engulfs a primary guy and ends up w a chloroplast w 4 membranes

Question 17

algae

Answer 17

highly variable definition
-includes microbes (microalgae) and non microbes (macroalgae)
-tens or hundreds of thousands of species

Question 18

fungi

Answer 18

-chitin cell walls
-includes microbes and non microbes

Question 19

what is the opportunistic fungal pathogen giving yeast infections

Answer 19

candida albicansq

Question 20

why are yeast used as model systems for euk

Answer 20

they have lots of conserved aspects w euk

Question 21

applications of yeast

Answer 21

-model system
-ferment carbs to alcohol+CO2
-baking

Question 22

Amoeba

Answer 22

have pseudopods
eukaryotes

Question 23

protist/ protozoa

Answer 23

euk that isnt plant animal or fungus

Question 24

plankton

Answer 24

dont propelle themselves drifters

Question 25

parasite

Answer 25

euk pathogen