1.3 Flashcards
Taxonomy
Science of classifying/ naming biological organisms
Phylogeny
Study of evolutionary relationships between organisms
what do taxonomists use to make classifications
genotypes, phenotypes, phylogenetic info
what have taxonomists been using to guide groupings for microbes
increasingly used phylogeny and used phenotype less
Order of hierarchial groups
domain
kindom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
what groups do bacteria not really use
kingdom, use eubacteria
what did carl linnaeus do
made a system of classification with the 2 names: genus and species
what was system of classification for
minimize chaos, define structure to be used when new species are discovered
what us the purpose of scientific names
describe characteristics
honour a scientist
describe physical properties/ appearance
subspecies
finer classification after species
biovar or biotype
physiological biochemically distinct from other members of species
serovar or serotype
based on surface antigens
example of organism whos name based on an important feature
STEG ( shiga toxin producing e. coli)
strain
specific isolate of a genetic variant or subtype
what is O157: H7
a serotype of ecoli that gives chickenpox
what does taxonomy do for us
brings order to chaos
give mfs the means to make prediction about a organisms characteristics
phylogenic trees
predicted evolutionary relationships
phylogenic tree time
left(root) to right(modern)
phylogenic tree branches
show evolutionary history unique to connecting lineages
phylogenic trees branch length
show evolutionary distance between nodes
what DNA sequences are taxonomists looking for
highly conserved genes with highly conserved functions that accumulate mutations slowly over time
what is a conserved feature of all organisms on earth
ribosome
what sequence is commonly sequenced to infer phylogenic relationship
rRNA of the SSU of the ribosome
rRNA
ribosoml RNA
