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micrb 265 > 2.6 > Flashcards

2.6 Flashcards

1
Q

motility

A

ability to propel own movement

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2
Q

whats weird about yersinia pestis and motility

A

most yersinia are motile but not this, even when it has genes for it

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3
Q

flagellum

A

long thin filament that acts like a propeller, rotated using motor that is anchored in the cell envelope

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4
Q

what are the two uses of flagellum

A

swimming and swarming (required multiple bacteria)

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5
Q

different arrangement of flagellum

A

peritrichous- many across pole/ body
monotrichous(or polar) - single
lophotrichous- many at one pole
amphitrichous- both poles
atrichous - no flagella

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6
Q

counterclockwise movement in peritrichous

A

-a “run”, helical rotation formed at tail and cell goes forward
-long

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7
Q

Clockwise

A

a tumble, helical bundle falls apart and cell assumes random direction

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8
Q

monotrichous bacteria include

A

those with reversible flagellum: can go back and forth
unidirectional flagella- goes only straight and reorients randomly

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9
Q

flagella segments

A

filament
hook
basal body

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10
Q

flagellar motor

A

20 proteins anchored in CM and CW
-harness proton motive force

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11
Q

what does the central rod do in flagellar motor

A

connection
passes through MS ring(CM), the C ring(cytoplasm), the P ring (peptidoglycan) and the L ring (outer memb)

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12
Q

what does C ring do in flagellar motor

A

generating torque, switch motor direction, secrete flagellin

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13
Q

what do L/ P rings do

A

act like bearing and cut back on friction during rotation

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14
Q

what does MS ring do

A

rotate the rod that rotates the hook and filament

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15
Q

what does the Stator do

A

is the “turbine”, couples the flow of protons to the rotation of the MS ring

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16
Q

what is the difference b/w gram +ve and g -ve flagellum

A

g +ve lacks P/L rings(bearing), has C/ MS rings

17
Q

what are the proteins that make up the flagellar filament

A

flagellin, lots of it

18
Q

flagellar filament characteristics

A

5-10 mewM long, 20nm wide
rigid to maintain shape, helical to act like a screw driver and act like less of a whip, and is hollow

19
Q

what does flagella connect to

A

free at one end and connected to motor at other

20
Q

what is conserved in bacterial flagella

A

flagellin as filament, but sequence varies

21
Q

why does sequence for flagella vary

A

because it can be detected by immune systems,

22
Q

what is the important Antigen associated with flagellum

A

H antigen, i think that means thatwe detect H antigen> idk

23
Q

synthesis of flagellum

A

built inside out
-motor and inner stuff assembles faster
-filament grows from outside

24
Q

how is filament produced

A

produced in cytoplasms and secreted through flagellum via hollow filament, subunit assembles at end helped by cap proteins

25
Q

Type III secretion system

A

system used to export flagellin, related system used as protein tosin injection

26
Q

what do some bacteria use instead of H+ gradient to drive rotation

A

Na+

27
Q

spirochete flagellum

A

called the axial filament, resides in periplasm, rotation results in corkscrew and lets them swim in viscous liquids

28
Q

taxis

A

directed movement of bacteria

29
Q

how is taxis accomplished

A

bias random walk

30
Q

chemotaxis

A

-movement in direction of gradients of increasing or decreasing conc to particular chemicals

31
Q

how does chemotaxis in Ecoli work

A

-chemicals detected by chemoreceptors that pass info to proteins that control motor direction
-if going toward desired nutrient, less frequent tumbles and longer runs
-if going away from nutrient, frequent tumbes and shorter runs

32
Q

phototaxis

A

movement towards/ away from light

33
Q

aerotaxis

A

directed motility in response to O2

34
Q

twitching motility

A

Type IV pilus attaches to surface and retracts like its dragging itself
grappling hook

micrb 265 (12 decks)

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