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Physical Science > 27.3 > Flashcards

27.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Infiltration

A

The process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface.

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2
Q

Water table

A

Upper boundary of saturated zone.

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3
Q

Aquifer

A

A rock unit that can transfer water through pore space.

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4
Q

Porosity

A

The percentage of a materials total volume that is pore space.

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5
Q

What percentage of water on Earth is salt water?

A

97%

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6
Q

What percentage of water on Earth is freshwater?

A

3%

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7
Q

Where is the majority of freshwater found?

A

Glaciers

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8
Q

Where is the smaller percentage of freshwater found?

A

Lakes, rivers, and stored as ground water.

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9
Q

What is precipitation?

A

When water vapor in the air cools and condenses; rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

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10
Q

What is runoff?

A

Water running off the land surface

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11
Q

What is infiltration?

A

The process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface.

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12
Q

What is transpiration?

A

When plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves

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13
Q

What is evaporation?

A

When water enters the atmosphere as water vapor

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14
Q

What is condensation?

A

When water vapor collides with other water vapor molecules to form water droplets

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15
Q

What is the water cycle?

A

Water on the land that goes into the atmosphere and returns back to the ground.

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16
Q

What is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage?

A

A porous area where water passes easily

17
Q

What is a saturated zone for groundwater storage?

A

Beneath the unsaturated zone, where water completely fills the pore space

18
Q

What is a water table?

A

The upper boundary of the saturates zone

19
Q

What does it mean if sediment is permeable?

A

It means that the material can be infiltrated by water or pass through

20
Q

What is an aquifer?

A

Rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space

21
Q

What is the name of the Great Plains Aquifer?

A

Ogallala Aquifer

22
Q

How many states does the Great Plains Aquifer run through?

A

South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Texas

23
Q

What is an aquitard?

A

Keeps water confined, shale layers are good examples.

24
Q

How are water springs formed?

A

Springs form where the water table naturally meets Earth’s surface

25
Q

What is an artesian wall?

A

Is when we drill into a pressurized aquifer most of the time it will be an aquitard

26
Q

What is a cone of depression?

A

As water is pumped out of the ground, the direction that flows is directed down towards the week, creating a cone of depression

Physical Science (14 decks)

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