25.3 & 25.4

Question 1

What is the boundary that marks a density change between layers?

Answer 1

Discontinuity

Question 2

How are discontinuities identified?

Answer 2

Seismic Waves

Question 3

What are shadow Zones?

Answer 3

Areas where no seismic waves are recorded

Question 4

What is another term or name for Shadow Zone?

Answer 4

Dead Zone

Question 5

Between what degrees do Shadow Zones fall?

Answer 5

105-140 degrees

Question 6

Is the outer core a solid or a liquid?

Answer 6

Liquid

Question 7

Is the inner core a solid or a liquid?

Answer 7

Solid, because of so much pressure.

Question 8

What makes up the lithosphere?

Answer 8

1. Crust

2. Uppermost mantle

Question 9

What is the asthenosphere?

Answer 9

Plastic like layer which Earth´s plates move.

Question 10

What elements make up the mantle?

Answer 10

1. Calcium
2. Aluminium
3. Iron
4. Magnesium

Question 11

What makes up the core?

Answer 11

1. Iron

2. Nickel

Question 12

What is the measure pf fluid´s resistance to flow?

Answer 12

Viscosity

Question 13

What is the chemical compound that is silicon dioxide?

Answer 13

Silica

Question 14

What kind of volcanoes tend to be small, have heights in the hundreds of meters range, and have short eruption cycles?

Answer 14

Cinder Cone Volcano

Question 15

What kind of volcanoes are broad, flat structure composed of layer upon layer of lava flow?

Answer 15

Shield Volcano

Question 16

What kind of volcanoes are large and steep-sided, often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometres across the base, and composed of layers of both lava and ash?

Answer 16

Composite Volcano

Question 17

What is the sources for molten material inside Earth?

Answer 17

magma

Question 18

What determines the eruptive style of a volcano?

Answer 18

Magma, temperature, viscosity, volume, and water and gas.

Question 19

What is the relationship between volcanoes and plate tectonics?

Answer 19

They form when the tectonic plates move.

Question 20

How do volcanoes form?

Answer 20

Volcanoes form when molten rock rises from deep within Earth and erupts from a crack in the crust.

Question 21

What is molten liquid or rock called that is stored in the Earth?

Answer 21

Molten, or liquid, rocks stored inside Earth is called magma.

Question 22

Where can melting occur

Answer 22

Melting can occur in the asthenosphere.

Question 23

What kind of rock is less dense which causes it to rise?

Answer 23

Magma is less dense than surrounding rock, causing it to rise.

Question 24

What has to happen for magma to possibly reach Earth´s surface?

Answer 24

Rising magma may reach Earth’s surface if pressure conditions allow and the rock has conduits through which it can flow.

Question 25

When magma reaches Earth´s surface and erupts as either lava or ash what is formed?

Answer 25

A volcano is a feature that forms when magma reaches Earth’s surface and erupts as either lava or ash.

Question 26

What happens when plates separate along the mid-ocean ridge or where plates collide along a subduction zone?

Answer 26

Volcanic eruptions occur where plates separate along a mid-ocean ridge or where plates collide along a subduction zone

Question 27

Most of Earth´s volcanoes are located along plate boundaries that the surround the pacific ocean, this is called what?

Answer 27

Ring of Fire.

Question 28

Volcanoes in the northwestern United States and Alaska form along what?

Answer 28

subduction zones within the Ring of Fire.

Question 29

There are places where volcanic activity occurs on land due to divergence, where are such places?

Answer 29

the East African Rift Valley

Question 30

Hot spots are areas of volcanic activity where magma moves toward the surface in large, in large what´s?

Answer 30

balloon like plumes

Question 31

Hot spots are ________, unlike the plates that move above them.

Answer 31

stationary

Question 32

_______ is a measure of a fluid’s, such as lava, resistance to flow.

Answer 32

Viscosity

Question 33

What is molten or lava rock stored inside of the earth called?

Answer 33

Magma

Question 34

Where is the ring of fire located?

Answer 34

Pacific Ocean

Question 35

What are two specific locations where volcanic activity occurs due to divergence?

Answer 35

1. East African Rift Alley | 2. Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Question 36

Are Hot Spots stationary?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

What is the measure of fluid´s, such as lava, resistance to flow?

Answer 37

Viscosity

Question 38

If magma has a high viscosity will it contain more or less silica?

Answer 38

More

Question 39

What is pyroclastic material?

Answer 39

Any solid material that erupts from a volcano

Question 40

What is the smallest form of pyrcolastic material?

Answer 40

Ash

Question 41

What is the largest form of pyroclastic material?

Answer 41

Blocks and bombs

Question 42

What are the types of gasses that erupt from a volcano?

Answer 42

1. Water Vapor 2. Carbon Dioxide 3. Sulfur Dioxide

Question 43

How are volcanoes classified?

Answer 43

1. Size 2. Shape 3. Materials that erupts form them

Question 44

What are the three types of volcanoes?

Answer 44

1. Cinder Cone 2. Shield 3. Composite