2.6.2 Aerobic Respiration Flashcards
Aerobic respiration requires, what?
oxygen
Aerobic respiration is defined as, what?
the chemical reaction in cells that uses oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy
Aerobic respiration is the complete breakdown of, what?
glucose to release a relatively large amount of energy for use in cell processes and reactions
In aerobic respiration what are carbon dioxide and water for?
Carbon dioxide and water are produced as waste products as well as releasing useful cellular energy
What is the word equation for Aerobic Respiration
Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water
What is the chemical equation for Aerobic Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6 CO2 + 6H20
Exam Tip
There are usually 3 marks given for the aerobic respiration chemical equation in an exam:
One for getting the correct formula for glucose and oxygen
One for getting the correct formula for carbon dioxide and water
One for balancing the equation correctly
Anaerobic respiration does not require, what?
oxygen
What is anaerobic respiration defined as?
It is defined as the chemical reaction in cells that breaks down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen
Anaerobic respiration involves the incomplete breakdown of glucose, and so releases, what?
a relatively small amount of energy for use in cell processes
Different breakdown products are formed depending on the type of organism that the anaerobic respiration is taking place in
Where does Anaerobic respiration mainly take place
in muscle cells during vigorous exercise
When we exercise at high intensities, our muscles have, what?
higher demand for energy
Our bodies can only deliver so much oxygen to our muscle cells for, what?
aerobic respiration
When oxygen runs out, what happens
glucose is broken down without it, producing lactic acid instead
What releases more energy, Anaerobic respiration or aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration releases less energy than aerobic respiration
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
Glucose -> Lactic Acid
What is the chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3
What does lactic acid do?
Lactic acid builds up in muscle cells and lowers the pH of the muscle tissue (making the conditions more acidic)
What can acidic conditions do to enzymes in cells?
Acidic conditions can denature the enzymes in cells
What will eventually happen to Lactic Acid
Lactic acid will eventually be broken down using oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water as waste products
The amount of oxygen required to break down the lactic acid that has built up is referred to as, what?
oxygen debt
The process of breaking down the lactic acid is known as, what?
repaying the oxygen debt
Plants and yeast can respire without, what?
oxygen
In the absence of oxygen what do Plants and Yeast do?
breaking down glucose in the absence of oxygen to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide
Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is called, what?
fermentation
Fermentation is economically important in the manufacture of, what?
bread (where the carbon dioxide produced helps the dough to rise) and in brewing (where the ethanol produced makes beer)
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast
Glucose -> Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide
What is the chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast
C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
(Comparing Aerobic & Anaerobic) Oxygen
Aerobic: Needed
Anaerobic: Not Needed
(Comparing Aerobic & Anaerobic) Glucose Breakdown
Aerobic: Complete
Anaerobic: Incomplete
(Comparing Aerobic & Anaerobic) Products
Aerobic: Carbon Dioxide and Water
Anaerobic:
Animal Cells; Lactic Acid.
Yeast; Carbon Dioxide and Ethanol
(Comparing Aerobic & Anaerobic) Energy Released
Aerobic: A lot
Anaerobic: A little
