26. Leadership Flashcards
Define leadership
An individual having enough influence over the behaviour of others to motivate them to follow the individuals set goals.
What are some examples of leaders in sport?
> captain
manager
director
coach
physiotherapist
sport psychologist
What are the two ways in which leaders can grow?
- Emergent leaders
- Prescribed leaders
What is an emergent leader?
> come from within the group
skilful or have been voted for by their peers
won ‘hearts and minds’
seen as ‘one of their own’
may lack objectivity - friendships cloud decision making
What is a prescribed leader?
> appointed by the team by an external source
more objective
fresh pair of eyes - creative new strategies
generally carry more authority
may not be aware of team’s culture or personalities
What is the trait leadership theory? (Great man theory)
> leaders have a genetic disposition
innate leadership characteristics - stable and enduring
born not made
consistent across different situations
What is the social learning theory of leadership?
> leadership characteristics are learned from others - vicarious learning
significant other observed and characteristics mirrored
What is the interactionist theory of leadership?
> individual may have innate traits (assertiveness)
traits not always evident
appear when the situation demands the behaviour
people may be effective leaders, only in their sport
interaction of traits and the changing environment
What are Fiedler-Chelladurai’s 5 leadership styles?
- Autocratic
- Democratic
- Laissez-faire
- Transformational
- Situational
What is the autocratic style of leadership?
> leader makes most of the decisions
concerned with end goal
used when discipline and control are needed
novices, males, dangerous skills, clear task
What is the democratic style of leadership?
> leader considers interpersonal relationships
leader invites contributions and shares decision making
advanced performers, females, established groups, emergent leaders
What is the laissez-faire style of leadership?
> leader has no direct influence on group members
takes back seat, group members make decisions
elite athletes, developing creativity, leader having full trust, leader may be incompetent
What is transformational leadership?
> leader inspires others to exceed expectations
confidence, strength, happiness
high level of commitment throughout team
What is situational leadership?
> adaptive leadership style
leader considers team members and the situation
appropriate leadership style chosen for circumstance
adapts to needs of the team and situation
What is Chelladurai’s multi-dimensional model of leadership?
> considers links between leader, situation, and membership characteristics
accounts for required, actual, preferred leader behaviour
uses an interactionist approach
What are situation characteristics?
(The importance of the situation)
> practice vs cup final
> complex vs simple
> time available
> size of group
> danger levels
What are member characteristics?
(Features of the group)
> gender
> ability
> age
> hostility/friendliness
What are leader characteristics?
> personality
experience
emergent/prescribed
What is required behaviour?
What is expected of a coach by the team in a given situation
What is preferred behviour?
The way in which members prefer their coach relate to them
What is actual behaviour?
What the coach actually does
What is Fiedler’s contingency model of leadership?
> there is no one best way to lead a team
determined by the situation
leadership style is fixed - leaders are given to match
different individuals fit different situations
task centred leadership vs person centred leadership
What must be considered in Fiedler’s contingency model of leadership?
- Leadership style - using least preferred co-worker scale: high LPC - relationship oriented leader, low LPC - task oriented leader
- Situational favourableness
