26 Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous system, Respiration and Swallowing

Question 1

Well delineated pontine nucleus for Micturation

Answer 1

Barrington Nucleus (p.551)

Question 2

The combination of segmental anhidrosis and an Adie Pupil

Answer 2

Ross Syndrome (p.547)

Question 3

Autonomic symptoms are also a prominent feature of small-fiber neuropathy of ______________
As a result of the accumulation of ceramide in the hypothalamic and intermediolateral column neurons

Answer 3

Fabry disease (alpha-galactosidase deficiency) (p.546)

Question 4

What is the Cannon Law

Answer 4

Phenomenon of denervation hypersensitivity
-in w/c an effector organ, 2-3 wks after denervation becomes hypersensitive to its particular neurotransmitter substance and related drugs

-rationale behind pharmacologic tests of autonomic functions (p.543)

Question 5

Test for tearing, by inserting one end of 5mm wide and 25 mm long strip of thin filter paper into the lower conjunctival sac while the other end hangs over the edge of the lower lid

Answer 5

The Schirmer test (p.533)

Question 6

A disease of children, inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.

The main symptoms: 
postural hypotension 
lability of blood pressure
faulty regulation of temperature
diminished hearing
hyperhidrosis
blotchiness of the skin
insensitivity to pain
emotional lability
and cyclic vomiting

Answer 6

Riley-Day syndrome (p.546)

Question 7

Produces contraction of the detrusor by direct stimulation of its muscarinic cholinergic receptors.

Answer 7

Bethanechol (Urecholine) (p.564)

Question 8

A shortened inspiration and decreased tidal volume triggered by excessive lung expansion

Answer 8

Hering-Breuer reflex (p556)

Question 9

What are the three paired groups of respiratory nuclei?

Answer 9

1. ) Ventral Respiratory group
2. ) Dorsal medullary respiratory group
3. ) Cluster if cells in the dorsolateral pons
   (p. 554)

Question 10

An aberrant respiratory pattern in which there is a continuous epigastric pulsation and dyspnea associated with rhythmic bursts of activity in the inspiratory muscles (respiratory myoclonus)

Answer 10

Leeuwenhoek’s disease (p.556)

Question 11

Loss of automatic respiration during sleep with preserved voluntary breathing

Answer 11

Ondine’s curse (p.557)

Question 12

Mechanism of Ondine’s curse

Answer 12

interruption of the ventrolateral descending medullocervical pathways that subserves automatic breathing (p.557)

Question 13

Swallowing center

Answer 13

Nucleus of Tractus Solitarius (p.559)

Question 14

Cortical areas for swallowing

Answer 14

Inferior precentral gyrus, posterior inferior frontal gyrus (p.559)