259 - Intro to Neoplasia

Question 1

What is the difference between grade 3, grade 4, and grade 5 prostate adenocarcinoma?

Answer 1

• 3 - still distinct glands, have prominent nucleoli
• 4 - coalescence of the glands, lose individual shape
• 5 - cells in sheets, not even trying to form glands

Question 2

List 2 tumor mutations in a colon tumor that predict a poor response to anti-EGFR therapy

Answer 2

• BRAF V600E
• KRAS mutation

Question 3

Microsatillite instablity (mutation in DNA mismatch repair genes) predicts a poor response to which chemotherapy agent?

Answer 3

Fluorouracil (5-FU)

Question 4

In colon carcinoma, what histologic feature is most important in tumor staging?

Answer 4

Depth of invasion

Tumor stage depends on depth

Question 5

Expression of what protein is notably absent in lobular carcinoma?

Answer 5

E-cadherin

Cells will be in sigle file rows

Question 6

What is the most common subtype of breast cancer?

Answer 6

Invasive ductal carcinoma

Question 7

In which organ is tumor size most relevant to staging?

1. Breast
2. Colon
3. Prostate

Answer 7

a. Breast

Question 8

Which type of colon polyp harbors risk of malignant transformation?

Answer 8

Tubular adenoma

• By definition, at base line, it has low grade dysplasia.
• Hyperplastic polyps have no risk*

Question 9

What is the most important prognostic factor for a breast tumor?

Answer 9

Tumor size

Question 10

Which type of breast cancer carries a higher risk of bilateral disease?

Answer 10

Lobular carcinoma (invasive and in-situ)

Question 11

The majority of prostate cancers arise in which zone of the prostate gland?

Answer 11

Peripheral zone