2.4 Vocab Quiz Flashcards
saturated hydrocarbon chain
a fatty acid in which all of the carbons a linked by single covalent bonds
monosaccharides
simple sugar
unsaturated hydrocarbon chain
fatty acids that contain one or more double bonds; causing kinks
hydrophobic
does not like water
hydrophilic
likes water
carbohydrates
organic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
atoms
smallest functional units of matter that form all chemical substances
molecules
two or more atoms connected through chemical bounds
amphipathic
is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic
solute
substance dissolved in a liquid
solvent
the liquid in which a solute is dissolved
solution
a liquid that contains one or more dissolved solutes
monomer
organic molecules that can be used to form polymers
polymer
large molecule formed by linking many monomers
ionic bond
cation (+) binds to an anion (-)
hydrogen bond
hydrogen atom in one polar molecule becomes electrically attracted to an electronegative atom in another polar molecule
covalent bond
atoms share a pair of electrons
reactants
participates in a chemical reaction
products
end results of a chemical reaction
electron
negatively charged subatomic particle found in orbitals around an atomic nucleus
proton
positive charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom; defines the atomic number
dehydration reaction
formations of polymers where water is lost
hydrolysis reaction
chemical reaction that utilizes water to break apart a single monomer from a polymer
